Module 11

Question 1

An instrument used in a pulmonary function test (PFT) to measure breathing capacity is a(n):
1. spirometer
2. nebulizer
3. inhaler
4. peak flow meter

Answer 1

peak flow meter

A peak flow meter is used to measure breathing capacity.

Question 2

Choose the correct spelling of the medical term for inflammation of the voice box.
1. laryngitis
2. larynxitis
3. laringiitis
4. laryngiitis

Answer 2

laryngitis

Inflammation (-itis) of the voice box (laryng/o) is laryngitis.

Question 3

Abnormal, periodic cessation of breathing is:

1. SOB
2. wheezing
3. apnea
4. pneumothorax

Answer 3

apnea

The periodic cessation of breathing is apnea. The prefix a- means without; the suffix -pnea means breathing.

Question 4

Choose the correct spelling of the term for excision of the voice box.
1. laryngectomy
2. laryngiectomy
3. larynxectomy
4. larynxiectomy

Answer 4

laryngectomy

Laryngectomy is the term for the excision (-ectomy) of the larynx (voice box).

Question 5

An endoscopic procedure to visualize the space between the lungs is:

1. mediastinoscopy
2. spirometry
3. laryngoscopy
4. bronchoscopy

Answer 5

mediastinoscopy

An endoscopic procedure to visualize (-scopy) the space between the lungs (mediastin/o) is mediastinoscopy.

Question 6

The condition of air or gas in the pleural space is called:

1. pneumothorax
2. pyothorax
3. pneumonia
4. hemothorax

Answer 6

pneumothorax

Pneumothorax is a condition of air or gas in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse. Pneum/o means air; -thorax means pleural cavity.

Question 7

Mr. Johnson’s chest pain is recorded in his medical report as:

1. thoracodynia
2. orthopnea
3. epistaxis
4. hypercapnea

Answer 7

thoracodynia

Thoracodynia is chest (thorac/o) pain (-dynia).

Question 8

A term for normal breathing is:

1. dyspnea
2. apnea
3. eupnea
4. orthopnea

Answer 8

eupnea

The suffix -pnea means breathing; eu- means normal. Normal, healthy breathing is called eupnea.

Question 9

An acute infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by a virus is:
1. pleurisy
2. influenza
3. cystic fibrosis
4. diphtheria

Answer 9

influenza

Influenza is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by a virus. Diphtheria is bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract. Pleurisy is inflammation of the parietal pleura of the lungs that may be caused by cancer, pneumonia, or tuberculosis. Cystic fibrosis is a congenital disease.

Question 10

The combining form orth/o means:

1. straight
2. decreased, diminished
3. excessive
4. lacking or without

Answer 10

straight

Orth/o means straight. When an individual has difficulty breathing (-pnea) unless in an upright (straight up) position, the condition is called orthopnea.

Question 11

A function of the _____ is to warm and filter air taken in and to assist in the production of sound.
1. lungs
2. sinuses
3. epiglottis
4. trachea

Answer 11

sinuses

The function of sinus cavities in the skull is to warm and filter air taken in and to assist in the production of sound. Sinuses are lined with a mucous membrane that drains into the nasal cavity.

Question 12

Surgical repair of the nose is:

1. septal deviation
2. ENT
3. HHN
4. rhinoplasty

Answer 12

rhinoplasty

Surgical repair (-plasty) of the nose (rhin/o) is called rhinoplasty. When performed for cosmetic reasons, rhinoplasty is commonly referred to as “a nose job.”

Question 13

Choose the correct spelling of the medical term for the throat.
1. pharynx
2. pharaynx
3. pharings
4. pharanx

Answer 13

pharynx

The pharynx (pharyng/o) is the medical term for the throat.

Question 14

Incision of the windpipe to gain access to the airway is:

1. tracheostomy
2. laryngostomy
3. tracheotomy
4. laryngotomy

Answer 14

tracheotomy

An** incision (-tomy)** of the windpipe, or** trachea (trache/o)**, to gain access to the airway is a tracheotomy.

Question 15

Acute respiratory disorder usually occurring in the lower respiratory tract in children and upper respiratory tract in adults:
1. SCLC
2. SARS
3. RSV
4. TB

Answer 15

RSV

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an acute respiratory disorder usually occurring in the lower respiratory tract in children and in the upper respiratory tract in adults. It is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and is highly contagious in young children.

Question 16

Choose the correct spelling of the term for a nosebleed.

1. epitaxis
2. epistaxis
3. epastaxis
4. episiotaxis

Answer 16

epistaxis

Epistaxis is the medical term for a nosebleed.

Question 17

A physician who is listening to a patient’s chest while the patient breathes is performing:
1. pulse oximetry
2. auscultation
3. hyperventilation
4. percussion

Answer 17

auscultation

Auscultation is the process of listening to the patient’s chest with a stethoscope; percussion (tapping) may be done along with auscultation.

Question 18

A procedure for measuring the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently is a(n):
1. pulmonary function test
2. mediastinoscopy
3. lung perfusion scan
4. spirometry

Answer 18

pulmonary function test

Pulmonary function tests measure the ventilation mechanics of the lung (airway function, lung volume, and capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently). These tests help diagnose disease and determine the extent of airway obstruction.

Question 19

**Advancing a tube through the oral cavity and pharynx to establish an airway is a(n):
**
1. NG intubation
2. laryngostomy
3. endotracheal intubation
4. tracheostomy

Answer 19

endotracheal intubation

Endotracheal intubation is the insertion of an endotracheal** tube (intubation)** **within (endo-) **the trachea (trache/o) through the nose or mouth. The purpose is to ensure an open airway.

Question 20

Choose the correct spelling of the term for the diagnostic tool used to perform auscultation.
1. stethoscope
2. steatoscope
3. stelthoscope
4. stereoscope

Answer 20

stethoscope

Stethoscope is the correct spelling of the term for the diagnostic tool used to perform auscultation.

Question 21

If the respiratory system suddenly becomes unable to provide oxygen and/or remove carbon dioxide from the blood, the condition is called:
1. emphysema
2. acute respiratory failure
3. flail chest
4. atelectasis

Answer 21

acute respiratory failure

The sudden (acute) failure of the respiratory system to deliver oxygen and remove carbon dioxide is called acute respiratory failure.

Question 22

A respiratory therapy technique designed to deliver air greater than atmospheric pressure to the lungs is:
1. PPD
2. CPAP
3. COPD
4. PPB

Answer 22

PPB

Positive-pressure breathing (PPB) uses a ventilator to deliver air greater than atmospheric pressure to the lungs. Ways to deliver the air include a face mask, canula, endotracheal tube, or tracheostomy tube.

Question 23

Removal of the pharyngeal tonsils is a(n):

1. pharyngectomy
2. tonsillectomy
3. laryngectomy
4. adenoidectomy

Answer 23

adenoidectomy

Surgical removal (-ectomy) of the pharyngeal tonsils, or adenoids (adenoid/o), is an adenoidectomy.

Question 24

Choose the correct spelling of the term for the muscle that contracts when we inhale and relaxes when we exhale.
1. diaphram
2. diaphragm
3. diapraghm
4. diaphraghm

Answer 24

diaphragm

The diaphragm is the muscular structure that contracts when we inhale and relaxes when we exhale. It separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities.

Question 25

**A noninvasive method to monitor oxygen saturation levels in arterial blood is:** 1. ABG 2. spirometry 3. pulse oximetry 4. pulmonary function test

Answer 25

pulse oximetry ## Footnote Pulse oximetry measures **oxygen (ox/i) **in arterial blood by attaching a cliplike device (pulse oximeter) to the earlobe or fingertip. A beam of light is transmitted through the tissue to a receiver. As the amount of saturated hemoglobin alters the wavelengths of the transmitted light, analysis of the received light is translated into a percentage of oxygen saturation of the blood.

Question 26

# The double-folded serous membrane that surrounds a lung is the: 1. mediastinum 2. carina 3. alveolus 4. pleura

Answer 26

pleura ## Footnote The double-folded serous membrane surrounding each lung is the pleura. The outer layer is the parietal pleura, and the inner layer is the visceral pleura.

Question 27

# **Pneum/o** means: **** 1. lobe 2. air or lung 3. pleura 4. voice box

Answer 27

air or lung ## Footnote **Pneum/o and aer/o** mean air. **Pneumon/o, pneum/o, and pulmon/o** mean lung. **Pleur/o **means pleura. **Lob/o and lobul/o** mean lobe. **Laryng/o **means voice box (larynx).

Question 28

# A test to diagnose TB is a: 1. spirometry 2. Mantoux test 3. PFT 4. throat culture

Answer 28

Mantoux test ## Footnote The Mantoux skin test involves the intradermal injection of a purified protein derivative (PPD) of the tubercle bacillus as a means to diagnose tuberculosis.

Question 29

# Removal of a portion, a lobe, or the entire lung is: 1. bronchoplasty 2. pulmonary resection 3. pneumonotomy 4. septoplasty

Answer 29

pulmonary resection ## Footnote The removal of a portion or a lobe of the lung or the entire lung is known as pulmonary resection. **Pulmon/o = lung.** The procedure is called a **lobectomy (lob/o + -ectomy) **when an entire lobe is excised.

Question 30

# Choose the correct spelling of the term for collapsed lung tissue. 1. atelectasias 2. ateliectasis 3. atelectiasis 4. atelectasis

Answer 30

atelectasis ## Footnote Atelectasis describes collapsed lung tissue.** Atel/o means incomplete**, imperfect and the suffix **ectasis means expansion or dilation.**

Question 30

# A test that measures the oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood is: 1. MRI 2. ABG 3. CXR 4. PFT

Answer 30

ABG ## Footnote **Arterial blood gases (ABG)** is a blood test that measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. ****

Question 30

# Excision of the palatine tonsils is a(n): 1. adenoidectomy 2. laryngectomy 3. pharyngectomy 4. tonsillectomy

Answer 30

tonsillectomy ## Footnote The excision of the palatine tonsils is a tonsillectomy. The excision of the pharyngeal tonsils is an adenoidectomy.

Question 31

**An exchange of gases between the lungs and the external environment is:** 1. internal respiration 2. olfaction 3. atelectasis 4. external respiration

Answer 31

external respiration ## Footnote External respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the external environment. Internal respiration refers to the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood; internal respiration occurs internally within the body.

Question 32

# Aspiration of fluid from the pleural space is: 1. pulmonary resection 2. pleural abscess 3. thoracentesis 4. pleural effusion

Answer 32

thoracentesis ## Footnote Thoracentesis is a puncture to **remove fluid (-centesis**) from the pleural space, or **thorax (thorac/o)**; the procedure is also called thoracocentesis or pleurocentesis.

Question 33

**A nuclear medicine test that produces an image of blood flow to the lungs to help diagnose pulmonary embolism is a(n):** 1. percussion 2. lung perfusion scan 3. lung ventilation scan 4. auscultation

Answer 33

lung perfusion scan ## Footnote A lung perfusion scan is a nuclear medicine test that produces an image of blood flow to the lungs to help diagnose pulmonary embolism. A lung ventilation scan is a test using radiopharmaceuticals to produce a picture of how air is distributed in the lungs; it measures the ability of the lungs to take in air.

Question 34

# The medical term for "whooping cough" is: 1. pneumonia 2. croup 3. pertussis 4. SARS

Answer 34

pertussis ## Footnote Pertussis is a bacterial infection of the respiratory tract that causes a characteristic high-pitch "whoop." Hence, it is often referred to as whooping cough. Croup is an acute viral infection of early childhood marked by stridor. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by a number of different pathogens. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral disorder that often results in pneumonia.

Question 35

# A test to diagnose cystic fibrosis is a: 1. sweat test 2. throat culture 3. Mantoux test 4. sputum culture

Answer 35

sweat test ## Footnote The sweat test evaluates sodium and chloride concentrations in sweat as a means of diagnosing cystic fibrosis.

Question 36

**Choose the correct spelling of the term for chronic dilation of the bronchi.** 1. bronchectasis 2. bronchictasis 3. bronchielectasis 4. bronchiectasis

Answer 36

bronchiectasis | Bronchiectasis is **chronic dilation (-ectasis)** of the **bronchi (bron

Question 37

# A test to measure the air capacity of the lungs is: 1. ABG 2. spirometry 3. CXR 4. bronchoscopy

Answer 37

spirometry ## Footnote A test to **measure (-metry)** the** air (spir/o)** capacity of the lungs is spirometry.

Question 38

# An air sac at the end of a bronchiole is a(n): 1. alveolus 2. pleura 3. cilia 4. pneumothorax

Answer 38

alveolus ## Footnote An alveolus (pl., alveoli) is an air sac at the end of a bronchiole. Each alveolus is in contact with a blood capillary to provide a means of exchange of gases with cells.