module 14

Question 1

Botany

Answer 1

The study of Plants

Question 2

perennial plants

Answer 2

plants that grow year after year

Question 3

Annual plants

Answer 3

plants that live for only one year.

Question 4

biennial plants

Answer 4

plants that live for two years.

Question 5

vegetative organs

Answer 5

the parts of a plant (such as stems, roots, and leaves) that are not involved in reproduction.

Question 6

Reproductive plant organs

Answer 6

the parts of a plant (such as flowers, fruits and seeds) involved in reproduction.

Question 7

undifferentiated cells

Answer 7

cells that have not specialized in any particular function.

Question 8

Xylem

Answer 8

nonliving vascular tissue that carries water and dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant to its leaves.

Question 9

Phloem

Answer 9

Living vascular tissue that caries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant.

Question 10

leaf mosaic

Answer 10

the arrangement of leaves on the stem of a plant.

Question 11

leaf margin

Answer 11

the characteristics of the leaf edge

Question 12

Deciduous plant

Answer 12

a plant that loses its leaves for winter

Question 13

Girdling

Answer 13

the process of cutting away a ring of inner and outer bark all the way around a tree trunk.

Question 14

Alternation of generations

Answer 14

A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form and a multicellular haploid form.

Question 15

Dominant Generation

Answer 15

in alternation of generations, the generation that occupies the largest portion of the life cycle.

Question 16

pollen

Answer 16

a fine dust that contains the sperm of seed-producing plants.

Question 17

cotyledon

Answer 17

A “seed leaf” which develops as a part of the seed - it provides nutrients to the developing seedling and eventually becomes the first leaf of the plant.

Question 18

if a portion of a plant is producing new cells, what type of plant tissue will be in that region.

Answer 18

meristematic tissue will be anywhere that mitosis is going on. the cell that perform mitosis are a part of the meristematic tissue.

Question 19

what do we call the structures that attach the blade of the leaf to the stem?

Answer 19

The petiole attaches the leaf blade to the stem.

Question 20

3 different types of leaf mosaics are.

Answer 20

whorled, Alternate, opposite.

Question 21

in a leaf, what is the function of the following tissues?

a. ) Palisade Mesophyll
b. ) spongy mesophyll
c. ) epidermis
d. ) xylem
e. ) phloem
f. ) chollenchyma

Answer 21

a. ) photosynthesis.
b. ) photosynthesis.
c. ) protection.
d. ) transports water and minerals.
e. ) transports food and organic substances.
f. ) support.

Question 22

what controls the opening and closing of the stomata on a leaf?

Answer 22

the guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomata.

Question 23

why is the bottom of a leaf typically a lighter shade of green than the top of the leaf.

Answer 23

the spongy mesophyll is typically on the underside of the leaf, and it is usually a lighter shade of green due to the fact that the photosynthesis cells are not as tightly packed there.

Question 24

name two types of pigments that cause leaves to be a color other than green.

Answer 24

carotenoids and anthocyanins

Question 25

if a tree has no abscission layer, will id be deciduous? where is the abscission layer?

Answer 25

no a tree without an abscission layer cannot be deciduous.

the abscission layer is right between the stem and the petiole.

Question 26

name the four regions of a root. which region contains undifferentiated cells?

Answer 26

the four regions of a root are: root cap, the meristematic region, the elongation region, and the maturation region. the undifferentiated cells are in the meristematic region.

Question 27

what allows woody stems to have no limits to their growth, unlike herbaceous stems?

Answer 27

woody stem have no limit to their growth because the cork cambium can always produce more bark.

Question 28

what is the function of vascular cambium?

Answer 28

the vascular cambium produces new vascular tissue.

Question 29

`if a stem has cork cambium is it woody or herbaceous?

Answer 29

it is woody.

Question 30

what kind of vascular tissue makes up most the wood in a woody stem? what kind of vascular tissue is found in the inner bark of a woody stem?

Answer 30

xylem makes up most of the wood in a woody stem, while phloem are found in the inner bark.

Question 31

what is the dominant generation in the moss life cycle? is it haploid or diploid?

Answer 31

the dominant generation in mosses is the gametophyte generation, and it is haploid.

Question 32

a fern has antheridia and archegonia. which part of the fern life cycle is it in? is this the dominant generation?

Answer 32

it is in the gametophyte generation, which is not the dominant generation for ferns.

Question 33

why are plants from phylum bryophyta relatively small?

Answer 33

since plants from bryophyta have no vascular tissue, there is no efficient way to transport nutrients throughout the plant.

Question 34

if a 15 foot tall plant has a root system that goes four feet deep, is it a fibrous or taproot system?

Answer 34

the plant must have a fibrous root system.

Question 35

what are the male and female reproductive system in a tree form phylum coniferophyta?

Answer 35

the female reproductive organ is the seed cone, and the male is the pollen cone.

Question 36

what is he fundamental difference between monocots and dicots?

Answer 36

the number of cotyledons produced in the seed is the fundamental difference between monocots and dicots.

Question 37

a plant produces seed cones and pollen cones. is it vascular? to what phylum does it belong?

Answer 37

it is phylum coniferophyta and it is vascular.

Question 38

a plant produces flowers. to what phylum does it belong?

Answer 38

it belongs in phylum Anthophyta.