Module 11- Lactobacillus and IS

Question 1

Soluble Peptides

Answer 1

Low m.w., heat and acid stable peptides

Question 2

Soluble peptides produced by

Answer 2

L. plantarum

Question 3

Soluble peptide action

Answer 3

Activate MAPK p38 and JNK to bring about cytoprotective effects in epithelial cells

Question 4

Unmethylated CpG DNA

Answer 4

TLR9 via VSL#3 mix and L. johnsonii N6.2

Question 5

VSL#3

Answer 5

CpG DNA can promote anti-inflammatory effects through TLR9

Question 6

L. Johnsonni N6.2

Answer 6

Use NA through TLR-9 as toleralizing mechanism

Question 7

Cells involved in immunomodulatory interactions

Answer 7

Intestinal epi cells (IECs) + DCs + Macs

Question 8

Where are immunomodulatory interactions taking place in gut?

Answer 8

GLAT + mucosal lumphoid follicles

Question 9

Most important APCs in mucosa

Answer 9

DCs

Question 10

Mucosal lymphoid follicles or GALT

Answer 10

Involved in T-cell maturation

Question 11

Enterocytes release

Answer 11

Cytokines, cytoprotective factors, mucins, tight junctions

Question 12

Effects of LAB on Macs

Answer 12

Low levels of TNF-a due to increased production of granulocytes + Suppress TNF-a with small soluble factors + increase phagocytic activity of monocytes and granulocytes

Question 13

L. rhamnosus GG

Answer 13

Increased production of granulocytes –> decreased TNF-a

Question 14

L. reuteria

Answer 14

Produces unknown soluble factor that suppresses TNF-a

Question 15

Increase phagocytosis of mono and granulocytes

Answer 15

Some Lactobacilli

Question 16

LAB on DCs (3)

Answer 16

Induce maturation and MHCII expression + IL-10 production+ activation molecules for T-cells involved in antigen presentation

Question 17

Lactobacilli differ in

Answer 17

Ability to modulate DC response and T-cell balance

Question 18

Induce secretion of IL-12 (3)

Answer 18

L. gasseri, L. johnsonii, L. reuteri

Question 19

IL12

Answer 19

Skew Th1 and Tc cytotoxic cells

Question 20

VSL#3 produce

Answer 20

IL-10

Question 21

Flagellin

Answer 21

TLR5 (E. coli)

Question 22

Fimbriae

Answer 22

TLR-4 (E. coli) and L. rhamnosus GG

Question 23

PRRs often have

Answer 23

Co-receptors

Question 24

Secreted proteins

Answer 24

L. rhamnosus and L. johnsonii have co-receptors but unknown PRRs

Question 25

Glycan Ligands

Answer 25

DC-SIGN (L. acidophilus SlpA)

Question 26

CPS

Answer 26

L. casei Shirota with unknown PRR

Question 27

LTA

Answer 27

TLR2 (L. plantarum)

Question 28

LPS

Answer 28

TLR4 and MD2 (E. coli)

Question 29

PG

Answer 29

L. plantarum DAP-PG TLR2 and NOD-1