Module 11 - Digestive disorders

Question 1

whats a Colonoscopy and Sigmoidoscopy

Answer 1

 More invasive form of endoscopy allows direct visualization of GI tract through insertion of a flexible lighted tube that has a camera at its tip and is inserted through the mouth (upper GI) or the rectum (Colonoscopy)

Question 2

whats a endoscopy

Answer 2

allow for direct visualization of the GI tract. Preperation includes a clear liquid diet and bowel prep the day before

Question 3

what is pyloric stenosis

Answer 3

(Narrowing) is an obstruction at the lower end of the stomach (pylorus) caused by an overgrowth (hypertrophy) of the circular muscles of the pylorus or by spasms of the sphincter.

Question 4

How does pyloric stenosis Present?

Answer 4

• Forceful vomiting (projectile)
• Distended abdomen
• Irritability
• Decrease in urine and stools
• Dehydration

Question 5

Tx/nursing care for pyloric stenosis

Answer 5

• Correct dehydration (24-72 hours)
• Pyloromyotomy
• Feeding re- established 12-24 hours post op
• Recurrence does not occur
- position change frequently
- protect from infection

Question 6

What is Hirschsprung’s disease: Aganglionic Megacolon

Answer 6

• A section of the large intestine is missing the nerve network
• Normal peristalsis is affected
• Stool enters the affected part & stays there

Question 7

what is Failure to Thrive

Answer 7

Weight and sometimes height falls below the 5th percentile (failure to gain/lose weight

Question 8

What is the characteristic of appendicitis?

tx?

Answer 8

tenderness in RLQ

: observe, NPO until surgery - px management, prevent infection, early ambulation (primary goals)

Question 9

Postop nursing care for a cleft lip/palate

Answer 9

• Logan bar – A device use to immobilize the upper lip – may be applied for a short time postop.
–Preventing injury by using elbow restraints
• Nothing hard, sharp in mouth
• No stress on suture line, no crying or sucking
• Careful positioning (never on abdomen) to prevent injury
• Providing infants emotional needs by cuddling and other forms of affection. Important because infant cannot obtain usual satisfaction of sucking.
• Providing appropriate pain relief and sedation, may be required for active infants

Question 10

s + s of Hirschsprung’s disease

Answer 10

• Chronic constipation
• Ribbon-like stool
• Distended abdomen
• Fecal vomit
• Irritable
• Lethargic

Question 11

what is thrush?

s+s?

Answer 11

Infection of mucus membranes of the mouth caused by the fungus candida
– white patches (appear in mouth), anorexia, can cause inflammation of esophagus and stomach

Question 12

what is Necrotizing Enterocolitis? S+S? Nursing care?

Answer 12

Acute inflammation of the bowel that leads to bowel necrosis

• abd distention, bloody stools, diarrhea
• VS, infection control, resuming oral fluids as ordered