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Health > Module 10 > Flashcards

Module 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the alveolus?

A

it is the site for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

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2
Q

What is a bronchiole?

A

A tiny branch of the bronchus

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3
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

The epiglottis is the cartilage structure that closes the larynx during swallowing.

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4
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

The pharynx is the part of the respiratory system that connects the nose, mouth, Eustachian tubes, larynx and the esophagus.

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5
Q

What is the larynx?

A

The larynx is the Adam’s apple and the cartilage support for the vocal folds

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6
Q

What is the trachea?

A

The trachea is the windpipe supported by C-shaped cartilage rings

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7
Q

What are the concha?

A

The concha are mucosa-covered bones that cause the inspired air to tumble against mucosa to be warmed and humidified

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8
Q

What is the consumption of nutrients and oxygen to make ATP and carbon dioxide called?

A

Answer: cellular respiration.

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9
Q

What are cilia?

A

Tiny hair like structures that line the respiratory system and propel mucus against gravity into the pharynx.

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10
Q

What is expiration?

A

The release of air from the lungs either active or passive

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11
Q

What is inspiration?

A

Inspiration is the process of drawing air into the lungs.

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12
Q

What is the inspiratory reserve volume?

A

The IRV is the maximum amount of air u can draw into your lungs after normal inspiration.

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13
Q

Define the nasal spectrum.

A

The wall, partially bone and partially cartilage, that divides the nasal cavity into left and right.

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14
Q

What is phlegm?

A

Phlegm is thick, irritating mucus in the respiratory system

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15
Q

What is the residual volume?

A

The residual volume is the air left in the lungs after forced expiration.

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16
Q

Define the tidal volume.

A

The tidal volume is the amount of air in a breath; about a pint.

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17
Q

What is a sinus?

A

An empty space in your skull that lightens your head and resonates with your voice

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18
Q

What is the name for the largest sinuses

A

Maxillary Sinuses

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19
Q

What are mucosa and what do they line?

A

Mucosa are goblet cells that produce mucus they line the sinuses

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20
Q

What 4 common substances/situations can produce respiratory symptoms

A

Dry Air

Smoke

Allergens

Pool Chemicals

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21
Q

Do allergies cause fever?

A

No

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22
Q

What is the difference between a dry cough and a productive cough?

A

A productive cough sounds like some is trying to cough something up (phlegm). A Dry cough doesn’t produce phlegm

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23
Q

What are 5 ideas for someone with a nosebleed?

A

Sit upright, lean forward, pinch the bridge of the nose, don’t bend over, if the bleeding continues for 30+ min, get help

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24
Q

What is A.E.D machine?

A

A device that evaluates the heartbeat and gives a powerful jolt of electricity to restart the heart

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25
Q

Define air hunger

A

The desire to breath brought on by carbon dioxide levels in the blood

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26
Q

What is apnea?

A

A pause in breathing

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27
Q

What is asthma?

A

The overreaction of the bronchi and bronchioles to an allergen or situation

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28
Q

What is a CPAP machine?

A

A device helpful in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

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29
Q

What is croup?

A

Swelling of the larynx or trachea in children with a cold

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30
Q

What is an ECG machine

A

A device that evaluates the heartbeats electrical signal

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31
Q

What is OSA?

A

Many episodes of apnea during sleep

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32
Q

Define snoring

A

The rattling of the back of the tongue, soft palate or tonsils while breathing during sleep

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33
Q

What are the palatine tonsils and the pharyngeal tonsils?

A

Glandular tissue lumps in the pharynx that fight infection

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34
Q

What can cause a sore throat

A

Yelling, coughing, dry air, postnasal drip, acid reflux, infection, allergy, trauma (sharp tortilla chip)

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35
Q

What does each lung contain millions of?

A

Alveoli

36
Q

What do red blood cells carry?

A

They carry carbon dioxide and oxygen in hemoglobin, a protein that contains iron

37
Q

What is inspiration a result of?

A

Contraction of the muscles of inspiration

38
Q

What structure is inflamed in pneumonia?

A

Alveoli

39
Q

What structure is inflamed in bronchitis?

A

Bronchi

40
Q

What structures are inflamed in croup?

A

Larynx and Trachea

41
Q

What structure is inflamed during both pleurisy and pneumothorax?

A

The pleural layers

42
Q

What structure is involved during the hiccups?

A

The diaphragm

43
Q

What structure is inflamed during asthma?

A

The bronchi and bronchioles

44
Q

What muscles are used when a person coughs and sneezes?

A

The muscles of expiration propel the air out at high speeds

45
Q

What is launched out when a person coughs or sneezes?

A

Droplets that may contain bacteria or viruses

46
Q

Name 3 conditions that have productive coughs

A

Bronchitis, pneumonia and allergies

47
Q

What three layers can blood be separated into?

A

Plasma, white blood cells and red blood cells.

48
Q

What 3 proteins are in plasma?

A

Albumin, Globulins and Fibrinogen

49
Q

What does albumin do?

A

Albumin draws water from outside of the capillaries into the inside of the capillaries.

50
Q

What do globulins do?

A

They help fight disease.

51
Q

What does fibrinogen do?

A

It can be changed into fibrin by the complex process called the coagulation cascade

52
Q

What is a thrombus?

A

A thrombus is a unwanted blood clot. A thrombus forms when coagulation of the blood happens too easily

53
Q

What is a embolus?

A

A thrombus that has broken loose and is traveling in the bloodstream

54
Q

What is pulmonary embolism?

A

When traveling blood clots clog the small vessels in the lung

55
Q

What is the apex of the heart?

A

The blunt tip of the heart

56
Q

What is the base of the heart?

A

The part of the heart connecting to major blood vessels

57
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

The lowest level of blood pressure wave

58
Q

What is a heart murmur?

A

The sound made by a leaking heart valve

59
Q

What is mediastinum?

A

The region between the lungs that contains the heart, major blood vessels, the esophagus, and the trachea

60
Q

What are pacemakers (SA nodes)

A

Very active cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium that trigger the heart to contract.

61
Q

What is systolic blood pressure?

A

It is the highest level of blood pressure wave

62
Q

Define ablation

A

Surgery to remove rogue heart muscle cells that interfere with the normal heartbeat

63
Q

What is a angioplasty

A

A surgery that widens a narrow artery and keeps it open with a stent

64
Q

What is angina?

A

Pain from insufficient blood flow to the heart muscles

65
Q

Define cardiac arrest.

A

No heartbeat or fibrillation

66
Q

What are the coronary arteries?

A

They are the blood supply to the heart

67
Q

Define fibrillation

A

A quivering heart muscle

68
Q

What is a heart block

A

A condition in which a signal of a pacemaker doesn’t trigger the ventricles to contract

69
Q

What is heart failure

A

Inadequate heart contractions

70
Q

What is high blood pressure?

A

A systolic pressure of 140 or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 or higher

71
Q

What is a myocardial infarction? (MI)

A

MI= a heart attack leaving permanent heart damage or death

72
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

Very ineffective heart contractions

73
Q

What can be lost during a hemorrhage

A

Red blood cells can be lost.

74
Q

What is a hemorrhage?

A

A session of excessive bleeding.

75
Q

What type of poisoning can cause RBCs to be damaged?

A

Carbon Monoxide poisoning

76
Q

What is sickle-cell anemia?

A

An inherited disease in which abnormal hemoglobin forms the RBC in a sickle shape.

77
Q

What happens to RBCs that are removed?

A

they are recycled.

78
Q

What is Jaundice?

A

Jaundice happens if lots of RBCs are destroyed at one time. The increase of bilirubin gives the person a yellowish appearance.

79
Q

Where are RBCs made?

A

They are made in red bone marrow.

80
Q

What is anemia?

A

When a person has a low amount of RBCs in the blood. A lower amount than normal.

81
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Blood is pumped under pressure into arteries which have lots of smooth muscles.

82
Q

What are arterioles?

A

Small branches of arteries.

83
Q

Where does the blood go after it enters the arterioles?

A

the blood flows into the capillaries.

84
Q

What do capillaries gather into?

A

They gather into venules.

85
Q

What do venules gather into?

A

they gather into veins.

86
Q

What do valves do in veins?

A

Valves keep the blood from flowing backward.

Health (6 decks)

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