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MBIO 360 > Module 10 > Flashcards

Module 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What organisms are normal enteric flora?

A

Escherichia

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

Serratia

Citrobacter

Proteus

Morganella

Providencia

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2
Q

What organisms are intestinal pathogens?

A

Shigella

Salmonella

Yersinia

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3
Q

How does Escherichia grow on media?

A

BAP- grey, moist, usually gamma

MAC- LF, often with ppt

XLD, HE, SS- stunted LF

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4
Q

What are the ID results for Escherichia?

A

Glucose pos

Lactose pos

H2S neg

A/A, gas

Indole pos

VP neg

Cit neg

Urease neg

Deaminase neg

Mostly motile

Lysine pos

Sorbitol pos (negs are possible pathogens)

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5
Q

What is the rapid ID for E. coli?

A

BAP- grey moist

Spot indole pos

MAC- LF

Send for sensitivity

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6
Q

What is a MUG test and what is the result for E. coli?

A

Glucuronidase enzyme breaks down MUG reagent releasing fluorescent compound

E. coli pos

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7
Q

What is the clinical significance of E. coli?

A

Large portion of NF in intestine

UTIs

Found in upper respiratory specimens when there’s an alteration in NF or colonization due to antibiotics

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8
Q

What types of pathogenic E. Coli strains are there and what are their characteristics?

A

Enteropathic (EPEC)- microvilli destruction causes diarrhea, screen with antisera

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC)- traveller’s diarrhea, heat stable and/or heat labile enterotoxin, fimbriae or pili, hypersecretion of electrolytes and water

Enteroinvasive (EIEC)- dysentery-like, shigatoxin, mucosal cell destruction, non motile, lysine decarboxylase neg

Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC)- verotoxin, bloody diarrhea, acute renal failure in young children, fails to ferment sorbitol, 0157:H7 (hamburger disease)

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9
Q

What types of antigens do E. coli display?

A

O- cell wall (heat stable)

B, Vi, K- capsule (heat labile)

H- flagella

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10
Q

What is the susceptibility of E. coli?

A

Most sensitive to broad spectrum

Testing required

ESBLs

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11
Q

What are the common Klebsiella isolates?

A

Pneumoniae

Oxytoca

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12
Q

How does Klebsiella grow on media?

A

BAP- large, grey, mucoid

MAC- LF (pale), mucoid

Moderately selective and selective enrichment media- some growth

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13
Q

What are the ID results for Klebsiella?

A

Non motile

Glucose pos with gas

A/A, gas

Lactose pos

Sucrose pos

H2S neg

Indole neg for pnuemonia, pos for oxytoca

VP pos

Cit pos

Ornithine neg

Urease pos

Arabinose pos

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae?

A

Most found in GI tract

Gram neg rods

Non spore forming

Facultative anaerobes

Oxidase neg

Glucose fermenting

Nitrate reducing

Catalase pos

Growth on MAC

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15
Q

What is the clinical significance of Klebsiella?

A

Pneumoniae causes primary lobar pneumonia, lung infection, pleuritis, part of NF, nosocomial infections

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16
Q

What is the antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella?

A

Lots of resistance

Treat with aminoglycosides, some cephalosporins

17
Q

What are the common species of Enterobacter?

A

Aerogenes

Cloacae

18
Q

How does Enterobacter grow on media?

A

BAP- large, grey, moist

MAC- LF, pale

Some growth on moderately selective and selective enrichment media

19
Q

What are the ID results for Enterobacter?

A

Motile

Glucose pos with gas

A/A, gas

Lactose pos

Sucrose pos

H2S neg

Indole neg

VP pos

Cit pos

Ornithine pos

Lysine pos for aerogenes, neg for cloacae

Arabinose pos

20
Q

What is the clinical significance of Enterobacter?

A

Cloacae is the most common isolate

NF in intestine

Contamination of IV fluids

Urinary, respiratory, cutaneous and wound infections

21
Q

What is the treatment for Enterobacter infections?

A

Cefepime and gentamicin

22
Q

What is the most common isolate of Serratia?

A

Marcescens

23
Q

What is the growth of Serratia on media?

A

BAP- grey moist, may have pink orange centre

MAC- LLF

24
Q

What are the ID results for Serratia?

A

Glucose pos with little has

A/A or K/A

Lactose pos (LLF)

Sucrose pos

H2S neg

ONPG pos

Deaminase neg

Indole neg

VP pos

Cit pos

Motile

Arabinose neg

25
Q

How is Serratia differentiated from Shigella?

A

Pos motility

Sucrose fermentation

Citrate pos

26
Q

How is Serratia differentiated from Klebsiella and Enterobacter?

A

Negative for arabinose

27
Q

How is Serratia differentiated from PPM?

A

Deaminase neg

28
Q

What is the clinical significance of Serratia?

A

Human pathogen

Nosocomial infections

Endotoxins- septic shock

29
Q

How is Serratia treated?

A

Tends to be resistant

Aminoglycosides, antipseudomonal beta lactam antibiotics, fluoroquinolones and cefipime

MBIO 360 (14 decks)

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