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Module 1 (Week 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Is a set of propositions (statements /opinions), suppositions (assumptions/hypotheses), or constructs (ideas), that purport to explain, describe and predict a reality. It is an abstraction of reality.

A

Thoery

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2
Q

The Evolution of Nursing

A

A. Intuitive Period
B. Apprentice Period
C. Educational Period
D. Contemporary Period

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3
Q

Nursing was “untaught” and instinctive. It was performed of compassion for others, out of the wish to help others. Nurse’s role was instinctive and directed toward comforting, practicing midwifery and being wet nurse to a child.

A

Intuitive Period
(Primitive era – 6th Century)

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4
Q

▪Nursing was a function that belonged to women.
▪No caregiving training is evident.
▪Primitive men believed that illness was caused by the invasion of the victim’s body of evil spirits.
▪Believed that medicine man was called shaman or witch doctor having the power to heal using white magic.
▪Trephining

A

Intuitive Period

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5
Q

▪Music and singing was often used to chase away spirits.
▪In some cases, TREPHINING was used.
▪TREPHINING is cutting a hole in the head of the afflicted to let out the evil spirit.

A

Intuitive Period

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6
Q

▪Different prehistoric medical practices
▪Use of mercury
▪Blood Letting with the use of leeches
▪Lobotomies
▪Heroin for headaches
▪Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
▪Trephining
▪Cannibalistic Medical Practices

A

Prehistoric Medical Practice

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7
Q

*Radium Water
*Ecraseur
*Plombage
*Peg Legs
*Morphine for teething
*Starvation for Aneurysms
*Hydroelectric Baths for Migraines

A

Prehistoric Medical Practices

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8
Q
  • Diagnostic Handbook
  • Asipu & Asu
  • No distinction between rational science and magic
  • Mental Illness is associated
    with Deities
A

Mesopotamia

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9
Q

introduced the methods of
therapy and cause. The text contains a list of medical symptoms and often detailed empirical observations along with logical rules used in
combining observed symptoms on the body of a
patient with its diagnosis and prognosis.

A

Diagnostic Handbook

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10
Q

is cutting a hole in the head of the afflicted to let out the evil spirit

A

TREPHINING

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11
Q

Medical Authority

A

Asipu

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12
Q

Healer

A

Exorcist

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13
Q

Medical doctor that treat symptoms and injury

Mesopotamia

A

Asu

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14
Q
  • “The Healthiest of all men”
  • Edwin Smith Papyrus
  • The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus
  • (“Chief of Dentists and Physicians”
    for King Djoser in the 27th century BCE)
  • Peseshet
A

Egypt

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15
Q

What country is considered to be “The Healthiest of all men”

A

Egypt

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16
Q
  • Medical information may date to a time as early as 3000 BC. It details cures ailment and anatomical observation.
  • is an ancient textbook on
    almost completely devoid of magical surgery thinking and describing in exquisite detail the examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis
    of numerous ailments.

Egypt

A

Edwin Smith Papyrus

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17
Q

treats women’s complaints, including problems with
conception.

A

The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus

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18
Q

The earliest known physician is also credited to ancient Egypt

A

(“Chief of Dentists and Physicians” for King Djoser in the 27th century BCE)

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19
Q

Earliest known woman physician

A

Peseshet

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20
Q

India

A
  • The Atharvaveda
  • Ayurveda
  • Charaka and Sushruta
  • Susrutasamhita
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21
Q

Ancient text dealing with Medicine

India

A

The Atharvaveda

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22
Q

“Complete knowledge for long life” Medical system of India with 8 branches of medicine

A

Ayurveda

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23
Q

2 most famous medical
texbooks that describes physical examinations,
diagnosis, treatment and prognosis and several
surgical procedures.

India

A

Charaka and Sushruta

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24
Q

Describes several surgical procedures

India

A

Susrutasamhita

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25
China
- Huangdi neijing
26
The foundational text of Chinese medicine written 5th century to 3rd century BC- Basis of traditional Chinese medicines, acupuncture and moxibustion
Huangdi neijing
27
Greece and Roman Empire
- Wound treatment - Illness was a sign of weakness - Slaves or Greek physicians
28
Period of “on the job” training. From the founding of the Religious orders in the 11th century up to 1836 with the establishment of the Kaiserwerth Institute for training of Deaconesses.
The Apprentice Period (6th Century- 18th Century)
29
What is intuition?
Instinctive
30
* Nursing performed without any formal education and by people who were directed by more experienced nurses * Founding of religious order
The Apprentice Period
31
is a war primarily caused or justified by differences in religion.
Religious war or Holy war
32
They were Holy Wars waged in an attempt to recapture Holy Land from the Turks who denied Christ’s pilgrims permission to visit Holy Sepulcher.
The Crusades
33
Military Religious Orders and their Work
- Knight of St. John of Jerusalem (Italian) - Teutonic Knights (German) - Knights of St. Lazarus - The Alexian Brothers
34
Also known as "Knight Hospitalers" They founded Hospitals
Knight of St. John of Jerusalem (Italian)
35
Established Tent hospitals for the wounded
Teutonic Knights (German)
36
Founded primarily for nursing care of lepers in Jerusalem
Knight of St. Lazarus
37
were members of a monastic order founded 1348. They established the Alexian Brothers Hospital School of Nursing the largest School of Nursing under religious order. It operated exclusively for men in United States.
The Alexian Brothers
38
There was the rise of Religious Nursing Orders for women. Although Christianity promoted equality to all men, women were still concentrated in their roles as wives and mothers
The Rise of Secular Order
39
Secular Orders Founded during the period of Crusades
- Order of St. Francis of Assisi (1200 -present) - The Beguines - The Oblates (12th Century) - Benedictines - Ursuline
40
composed of lay nurses who devoted their lives to the service of suffering humanity
The Beguines
41
Important Nursing Personages
- St. Clare - St. Elizabeth of Hungary - St. Catherine of Siena
42
founder of the second order of St. Francis of Assisi.
St. Claire
43
known as the “Patroness of Nurses”, she was the daughter of the Hungarian King. She lived her life frugally despite her wealth
St. Elizabeth of Hungary
44
The first lady with the lamp. She was a hospital nurse, prophetess, researcher and a reformer of society and the church.
St. Catherine of Siena
45
The Rise of Protestantism
(1520-1562)
46
He was the author of a French version of the New Testament which had been considered heretical by the Sorbonne and was the founder of the Circle of Reformers in Meaux
James Lefèvre d’Etaples
47
The Protestants, who were called ____________ at the time, belonged to the higher, literate class of society and were condemned as heretics by the Church.
Lutherans
48
- Also known as the period of reformation and American civil war
Dark Period of Nursing 17th to 19th Century
49
Reconstituted the deaconesses and later established the school of nursing in Kaiserwerth, Germany where Florence Nightingale had her first formal training for 3 months as a nurse.
Theodore Fliedner
50
1st Training School of Nursing
United States of America Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing -Founded in 1873 in New York. - established by Florence Nightingale
51
1st Training School of Nursing in the Philippines
Philippines Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing – Established in 1906 it is the first hospital in the Philippines which trained Filipino nurse.
52
Nightingale Era
*Florence Nightingale *Born on May 12, 1820 *Born to a wealthy English parents *Known as “The mother of modern nursing” “The Lady with the Lamp” and “Professional Nurse Pioneer *Most famous for her work during the Crimean War (1854-1856)
53
Under Florence's leadership, the nurses brought
-Cleanliness - Sanitation - Nutritious food - Comfort
54
Nightingale was known for providing the kind of _________, like writing letters home for soldiers, that comforted them and improved their psychological health.
Personal care
55
In Nightingale Era The death rate of patients fell from ___ to ___ percent.
40 to 2
56
In what year Nightingale return home?
1857
57
the soldiers in Crimea that initially named her the?
"Lady with the Lamp"
58
Published in 1859 ______________provides a simple but practical discussion of good patient care, along with helpful hints.
Notes on Nursing
59
Who implemented handwashing and other hygiene practices in the war hospital in which she worked?
Florence Nightingale
60
Florence Nightingale was one of the pioneers in establishing the idea of nursing schools from her base at St Thomas' Hospital, London in 1860 when she opened the 'Nightingale Training School for Nurses’, now part of King's College London.
Education Period (18th – 20th Century)
61
Nightingale Training School at St. Thomas’ Hospital opened in what year?
1860
62
Contemporary Period
21st century
63
the Triple Entente
France, Russia, and Britain
64
Triple Alliance
Germany, Autria-Hunagry, and Italy
65
* The silver lining of the great war * Volume of patients drastically change the role of nurses * The nurses performed triage as patients came in on ambulance trains, directed corpsmen who had little medical training, managed entire wards of patients and performed a variety of procedures, including and managing infection. irrigating wounds * Dependent to Independent nursing practice
Nursing after WW1
66
* Good Infection control and wound care even with the absence of antibiotics and electricity * American nurses worked on base hospitals, hospital trains, hospital ships, field hospitals, camp hospitals and even evacuation hospitals and mobile units. * Mobilizing women and women empowerment * Nurses earned the respect of those they served with, and they were decision-makers. That was very different for them, not just as nurses but as women.
Nursing after WW1
67
*New Opportunities for Women: Wartime and the American Workforce *Nurses on the Frontlines * The Scars of War: PTSD in WWII Nurses (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Nursing after WW2
68
Rise of the BSN Curriculum The Degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing:
9141-1951
69
A nursing curriculum which was based on the thesis presented by
Julita V. Sotejo
70
graduate of the Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing, tackles on the development of a nursing education within a University-based College of Nursing.
Julita V. Sotejo
71
The First Colleges of Nursing in the Philippines
- University of Santo Tomas-College of Nursing (1946) - Manila Central University-College of Nursing (1947) - University of the Philippines Manila College of Nursing (1948)
72
In 1947, the Bureau of Private Schools permitted this University to grant the title Graduate Nurse to the 21 students who were of advanced standing from 1948 up to the present.
University of Santo Tomas-College of Nursing (1946)
73
This Universities Hospital first offered BSN and Doctor of Medicine degrees in 1947 and served as the clinical field for practice.
Manila Central University-College of Nursing (1947)
74
The idea of opening the college began in a conference between Miss Julita Sotejo and UP President. In April 1948, the University Council approved the curriculum, and the Board of Regents recognized the profession as having an equal standing as Medicine, Engineering etc. Miss Julita Sotejo was its first dean.
University of the Philippines Manila College of Nursing (1948)
75
First dean of college of nursing in UPM?
Julita Sotejo
76
* Change is the only constant thing in the world. *“Nursing is caring” (Womb to Tomb) *“Nursing is an Art”
Nursing in Today’s Society
77
Recipient of Nursing
Patients, community, family, clients and co-workers
78
Scope of Nursing
1. Promoting Health and Wellness 2. Preventing Illness 3. Restoring Health 4. Care for the Dying

TFN (6 decks)

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