Module 1 - Unit 3 - Using an OS Flashcards
What function of an operating system is performed by the “shell?”
Interface between the user and the computer
What type of file in an OS is the main means of providing coordination of hardware components?
A driver or device driver
What is an example of an open source operating system?
Linux, Chromium, or Android
What type of computing device is macOS designed for installation on?
Desktop computers/workstations and laptops
True or false: Windows 10 is the first 64-bit edition of Windows
False–Windows 10 is better described as a version than edition and there have been 64-bit editions of Windows versions since Windows XP
You have to open a file located on a network server. What should be your first step?
Open the Network object from Explorer and locate the server hosting the file
What is the technical term for a web address?
Uniform Resource Locator (URL). In face, Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is now preferred in web standards documentation but URL is more widely known and used
What key combination you can use to force the browser to ignore any locally cached files when refreshing a page?
CTRL+F5
Computer Operating System (OS)
The operating system provides interfaces between the hardware, application programs and the user
Application software
Programs that allow users to perform different tasks such as web browsing, email and word processing
How does the OS organize files on a storage device?
By creating directories to provide structure
Workstation OS
Runs on a traditional desktop PC or laptop
Mobile Device OS
Designed for handheld devices, such as smartphones and tablets
Server OS
Examples are Windows Server, Linux or UNIX, is often based on similar code to its workstation OS equivalent
Commercial OS
An OS that requires user to purchase a license to install
Open source
Programming code used to design the software is freely available. Open source doesn’t necessarily mean available for free, it means that developers are free to make changes to the way the operating system works, so long as they make the changes they have made available in turn
Embedded system
A computer or appliance designed for a very specific function. And are typically static environment
Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS)
An operating system intended to serve real-time applications that process data as it comes in, typically without buffer delays.
Firmware
Provides all the functions for interacting with the device hardware. It is not designed for continual changes
Virtualization
Multiple operating systems can be installed and run simultaneously on a single computer
Hypervisor
Known also as the Virtual Machine Monitor. Manages the virtual machine environment and facilitates interaction with the host hardware and network
Types of Hypervisor
(i) Type 1 or ‘bare metal’ or ‘native’
(ii) Type 2 or ‘hosted hypervisors’
Type 1 Hypervisor
Installed directly on the computer and interacts directly with its hardware
Type II Hypervisor
Runs as a software application within a host operating system. The host operating system retains direct control of the hardware and the hypervisor must request use of it through the host OS.
Guest operating systems
Operating systems installed under the virtual environment. The hypervisor may also restrict the type of operating systems that can be installed
Uses of Virtual Machines
(a) Virtual labs
(b) Support legacy software applications
(c) Development environment
(d) Training/Student classes
What are the release date for these versions of Windows:
(i) Windows 10
(ii) Windows 8.1
(iii) Windows 8
(iv) Windows 7
(v) Windows Vista
(vi) Windows XP
Windows 10 - 2015 - windows as a service
Windows 8.1 - 2013 - just a fix
Windows 8 - 2012 - the one that did not last
Windows 7 - 2009 - the one that people liked
Windows Vista - 2007 - insignificant
Windows XP - 2001 - the best windows
Windows 10 editions
Windows 10 Home - for all
Windows 10 Pro - for small to medium sized businesses
Windows 10 Enterprise - for large enterprise
Windows 10 Enterprise (Long Term Servicing Channel)
Windows 10 Education - for schools and colleges
Windows 10 Pro Education
Apple Computers
Mac OS - for Mac computers
iOS - for iPhones and iPad
Linux
(i) Developed by Linus Torvalds.
(ii) Based on UNIX operating system
(iii) Open source
(iv) Have many distributions known as distros
(v) Notable distros: SUSE, Red Hat, Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu and Mint
Chrome OS
(i) Derived from Linux
(ii) Chromium
(iii) Runs on Chromebook and Chromebox
(iv) Can run apps developed on Android
Android
(i) Smartphone/Tablet OS
(ii) Developed by Open Handset Alliance
(iii) Driven by Google
(iv) Open source
File Explorer
File management interface for Microsoft Windows. Can be used to view, create, rename and delete files and folders.
File Explorer keyboard shortcut
Windows Key + E
Network Object
A container for any network servers that the computer is connected to
Control panel
The location for basic user-configurable settings for Windows and some applications via applets
Ease of Access
Settings that assist people with a physical impairment
Ease of Access Options
(i) Touchscreen
(ii) Voice Control and Narration
(iii) Visual alternatives for sounds
(iv) On-screen keyboard
(v) Magnifier
(vi) Display settings
Advanced Management Utilities
Utilities for configuring more advanced or technical aspects of Windows
Advanced Management Utilities shortcut
Windows Key + X
Website
Collection of web pages
How to refresh a web page and ignore cache?
CTRL + F5
