Module 1: Resource Management Environment (Competency Area 1) Flashcards
How many branches of Government did the Constitution establish?
Three
What was the predecessor to the Constitution?
Article of the Confederation
Where are all Federal-level laws enacted?
Congress
In which article of the Constitution is the power to raise taxes found?
Article 1
What occurs when Congress is not in session and the President does not sign a properly-presented, Enrolled Bill within 10 days?
Pocket Veto (page 17)
How frequently does Congress review the DoD budget request?
Annually (page 18)
- Approximately what percent of total Federal spending is discretionary spending?
30% (page 52)
- Which branch of government implements laws?
Executive Branch (page 10)
- Which branch of Government is authorized to raise taxes and borrow money?
Legislative branch (Congress) (page 9)
- Which committee attempts to resolve differences between House and Senate versions of a bill?
Conference Committee, sometimes referred to as “the Third Chamber” (page 15)
- Which agency issues directions for use by other agencies in submitting their budget estimates?
OMB (page 21)
- What type of legislation provides an agency with budget authority?
Appropriation Acts provide budget authority (page 31)
- Which term is used to describe a subdivision of an apportionment?
Allotment (page 43)
- What agency issues apportionments?
OMB (page 41)
- Which branch of Government conducts hearings on the effectiveness of Government programs?
Legislative branch (Congress) (page 47)
- In the Federal budget process, which organizations actually prepare budget estimates?
The federal agencies (page 21)
- What is the largest single source of Federal Government tax revenues?
Individual Income Taxes (50 % in 2020) (page 51)
- What are requests for funds in addition to amounts already appropriated called?
Supplemental (page 35)
- What financial control document is issued by the Treasury Department following signature of the Appropriations Act?
Appropriation Warrant (page 40)
- What term describes a postponement in the use of appropriated funds?
Deferral (page 42)
- What term describes a cancellation of appropriated funds?
Rescission (page 42)
- After the DoD Appropriations Bill is signed into law, what does DoD request from OMB?
Apportionment (page 41)
- An administrative reservation of funds is known as what?
Commitment (page 43)
- What gives a Federal agency the legal authority to operate a program?
Authorization Legislation (page 29)
- Article 1, Section 8, Clause 1, of the U.S. Constitution empowers which branch of the Federal Government to collect taxes?
Legislative Branch (page 8, 9)
How does an appropriation bill become a law?
- Introduction and referral to committee (anyone in congress can introduce a bill while chamber is in session by “hopper”)
- Consideration by committee - public hearings and markup sessions (“mark up”)
- Committee action (extensive amendments may decide to report a new bill “clean bill”)
- House and senate floor consideration (after the bill passed one body (house/senate) bill is called “engrossed” bill)
- Resolving differences - conference committees (“third chamber”)
- Final step - after passed by both house and senate it is considered “enrolled” and sent to president
Does the authorization process give an agency the authority to obligate funds or permit withdrawal of funds from treasury?
No, only the appropriation act permits those actions
When does the Concurrent Budget Resolution (CBR) need to be completed?
By law, the CBR is to be completed by April 15
