Module 1 - part 2: Health promoting relationships

Question 1

health promotion is defined as

Answer 1

the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health

Question 2

health promotion activities

Answer 2

-empower clients, families & communities with the knowledge and skills needed to engage in healthy behaviors
-health promotion encompasses a wide range of activities provided in a variety of community based settings.
EXAMPLES

Question 3

Disease prevention

Answer 3

-focuses on the actions that reduce or eliminate the onset, progression , recurrence or complications of disease

Question 4

Goal of disease prevention

Answer 4

to help individuals avoid the occurrence of disease disorder or injury

Question 5

risk factors

Answer 5

represent personal or environmental characteristics which increase the probability of having a health problem
EXAMPLE

Question 6

protective factors

Answer 6

decrease the possibility of health problems occurrence or progression EXAMPLE

Question 7

Primary prevention

Answer 7

P=Prevent, strategies that emphasize taking proactive actions that can prevent targeted conditions

Question 8

secondary prevention

Answer 8

S=screening, strategies to focus on early disease detection through regular screenings

Question 9

tertiary prevention

Answer 9

t=treatment, strategies to focus on minimizing the damaging effects of a disease or injury once it occurs

Question 10

primary, secondary, tertiary acronym

Answer 10

p= Prevent
s=Screening
t=Treatment
EXAMPLES

Question 11

Social determinants of health

Answer 11

-social, economic & political factors at community & larger societal levels have a significant effect on health and well-being

Question 12

HEALTH EQUITY

Answer 12

efforts to ensure that all people have full and equal access to opportunities that enable them to live their lives

Question 13

HEALTH INEQUITIES

Answer 13

differences in health that are avoidable, unfair and unjust. Health inequities are affected by social, economic and environmental conditions

Question 14

HEALTH DISPARITIES

Answer 14

casual PREVENTABLE differences in adverse health outcomes and lost opportunies to achieve optimal health and well being

Question 15

EQUITY vs EQUALITY

Answer 15

equity is giving people what they need to be successful, equality is treating people the same

Question 16

Penders Health promotion model

Answer 16

-persons health capacity to absorb and use the health promotion information depends to a large degree on what people belive

Question 17

Prochaskas transtheroretical model

Answer 17

• model used to explore persons motivational readiness to intentionally change health habits
• model identifies stage of readiness ranging from lack of awareness a problem to taking and maintaining constructive actions to correct unhealthy behaviors
• does not represent a linear program (circle)

Question 18

Banduras social learning theory

Answer 18

-bandura believed that self-efficacy is a powerful mediator of behavior & behavioral change
-if people know they have the capacity to complete a health promoting behavior they are more likely to try it
-bandura identifies three sets of motivating factors:
Physical motivators (ex. memory of previous discomfort)
Social incentives (eg. praise & encouragement)
Cognitive motivators (eg. internal thought processes)

Question 19

self efficacy and ______ are reciprocal processes

Answer 19

motivation,
increased self-efficacy strengthens motivation, which in turn increases the clients capacity to complete the learning task

Question 20

what is Motivational interviewing

Answer 20

skillful clinical style for eliciting from pts their own good motivations for making behavior changes in the interest of their health. involves more guiding than directing, listening as least as much as telling. overall spirit of MI described as collaborative, evocative, and honouring of patient autonomy

Question 21

Nurses role in health promotion using motivational interviewing (hornsten, lindahl, perrson & edvardsson 2004,Strategies in health-promoting dialogues-primary healthcare nurses’ perspectives)

Answer 21

• guiding pt vs pressuring them
• adjusting to pt vs directing the conversation
• inspiring confidence vs instilling fear
• introducing emotionally charged subjects or avoiding them
• motivating and supporting pts vs demanding responsibility

Question 22

the process of enabling individuals to take control over their health

Answer 22

health promotion

Question 23

Behavioral activities that have been show to delay the emergence of chronic disease or lessen its impact

Answer 23

protective factors