Module 1: Occupational Therapy History

Question 1

Began during the 17th to 19th century. Rampant social inequities across social structures led to a broadening social consciousness and awareness

Answer 1

Period of Awakening

Question 2

Began in England and France, it is an approach to mental disorder based on human psychosocial care and moral disciplines

Answer 2

Moral Treatment

Question 3

A French psychiatrist who treated in asylums in Paris, 1786. He used occupation to divert patients minds away from their illness and improve their skills.

Answer 3

Philippe Pinel

Question 4

Founded the York Retreat in England, 1976.

His main ideas included:
- idea of non constraint
- mentall illness is curable
- patients can learn self-control
- attendants can engage patients in occupations

Answer 4

William Tuke

Question 5

He popularized Moral Treatment.

Answer 5

Samuel Tuke

Question 6

Father of American Psychiatry.

First American and physician to institute Moral Treatment in the US.

Answer 6

Benjamin Rush

Question 7

Two men who adopted “occupation & non-constraint” treatment theory at an asylum

Answer 7

Thomas Scattergood & Thomas Eddy

Question 8

Began in England during the early 1900s. Developed OT further through Diversional Therapy, Manual Training, Vocational Education, and Occupational Training.

Answer 8

The Arts and Crafts Movement

Question 9

Coined the term “Work cure” in 1906

Answer 9

Dr. Herbert James Hall

Question 10

Made the first conceptual model of OT. Introduced systematic types of activity to the ward in Massachusetts, 1892.

Answer 10

Adolf Meyer

Question 11

A proponent for the OT for the nervous and mentall ill in 1925.

Answer 11

Louis Haas

Question 12

A nurse who became the first OT. She also wrote the first known OT book.

Answer 12

Susan Tracy

Question 13

The first known OT book

Answer 13

“Studies of Invalid Occupation”

Question 14

A social worker who cofounded the Hull House

Answer 14

Jane Addams

Question 15

Wrote the “Educational Handbook” in 1910

Answer 15

Thomas Kidner

Question 16

Founded by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates in Chicago 1889.

Provided space for instituting educational & philantrophic enterprises, improving industrial conditions, and facilities for slum children.

Held classes for training attendants for the mentall ill attended by Eleanor Clark Slagle.

Answer 16

Hull House

Question 17

Coined the term “Occupational Therapy”.

First president of National Society for the Promotion of OT.

Answer 17

George Edward Barton

Question 18

Father of OT.

Wrote the book “Occupational Therapy: A Manual for Nursing”.

Answer 18

William Rush Duncan, Jr.

Question 19

Mother of OT

Proponent of “Habit Training” in 1912.

Answer 19

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Question 20

Arts & crafts instructor that stayed in the Philippines.

Chaired the education to develop OT education in the Philippines in 1919.

Answer 20

Susan Cox Johnson

Question 21

Organized by Eleanor Clarke Slagle, it was the first professional OT school in Chicago.

Answer 21

Henry B. Farvill School of Occupation, 1906

Question 22

What happened to OT during World War I?

Answer 22

Reconstruction programs were established; Eleanor Slagle pushed for Reconstruction Aides to the army hospital

OT shifted to also emphasize physical dysfunction and not only mental dysfunction

Question 23

Official organization of OTs in America.

Founded in March 15, 1917, Clifton Springs, New York

Answer 23

Then: NSPOT (National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy)

Now: AOTA (American Occupational Therapy Association)

Question 24

First president of the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapy

A neurologist who used curative workshop

Answer 24

Dr. Goldwin Howland

Question 25

What happened to OT during World War II?

Answer 25

“Essential of an Acceptable School of OT” by AOTA with American Medical Association for inspection of OT schools, 5 out of 13 schools were approved.

First formal subjective registration examination.

5 schools increased to 18 schools

OTs can finally achieve military status in the US.

Question 26

Global organization that represents OT and OTs all over the world. Established in England, June 1951

Holds council meetings every 2 years. Holds Joint International Congress and Council Meetings every 4 years.

Answer 26

WFOT (World Federation of OT)

Question 27

Which countries are the founding members of WFOT?

Answer 27

CUDANGSISI

1. Canada
2. USA
3. Denmark
4. Australia
5. New Zealand
6. Great Britain
7. South Africa
8. Israel
9. Sweden
10. India

Question 28

What happeed to OT during the 1970s to 1990s.

Answer 28

In the 1970s, OT practice shifted from mental health to more physical disabilities.

The philosophical base of OT was also developed.

In 1981, definition of OT for the purpose of licensure was adopted. Was also the international year for disabled persons.

Question 29

What is the philosophical base of OT?

Answer 29

Human development is influenced by use of purposeful activities, inartistic motivation, physical environment.

Human life is a process of continued adaptation. Many factors may interrupt adaptation processes, and these interruptions are combated by purposeful activity.

Question 30

Established by AOTA in 1979.

Answer 30

Uniform Terminology

Question 31

A proponent of Uniform Terminology under “Restoration of Physical Dysfunction”

Answer 31

Clare Spackman

Question 32

Established in 1986, formerly the American Occupational Therapy
Certification Board

Answer 32

National Certification Board of Occupational Therapists

Question 33

A proponent of Uniform Terminology under “Psychiatric OT”

Answer 33

Gail Fidler

Question 34

A proponent of Uniform Terminology under “Neurobehavioral Orientation”

Answer 34

Jean Ayres

Question 35

A proponent of Uniform Terminology under “Occupational behavioral orientation”

Answer 35

Mary Reilly

Question 36

A proponent of Uniform Terminology under “Prevention and community OT”

Answer 36

Wilma West

Question 37

A proponent of Uniform Terminology under “FORS for Psychiatric OT”

Answer 37

Anne Mosey