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Integumentary Sys > Module 1 MiniModule 5: Topical Therapy > Flashcards

Module 1 MiniModule 5: Topical Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What form of topical treatment is the following describing?
- Mechanical effect will always be beneficial (remove skin debris, allergens)
- Chose according to skin condition
- Can be applied in a limited area (chin, paws)

A

Shampooing

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2
Q

What form of topical treatment is the following describing?
- Is better if you shave the affected area for easy application
- Apply products once to twice daily until resolution
- Maintenance frequency based on each case

A

Ointments-creams-lotions-wipes
- avoid the patient from licking/chewing the area for at least 1/2 hour after applying

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3
Q

What are the “big categories” for topical therapy?

A
  • Keratoseborrheic disorders
  • Infectious dermatitis
  • Allergic dermatitis
  • Otits externa
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4
Q

The following clinical signs are from:
- Scaling
- Oiliness-rancid smell
- Recurrent infections

A

Keratinization disorders

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5
Q

Products often used for Keratinization disorders:
- Help remove excess of scale either by increasing desquamation or by reducing intercellular cohesion

A

Keratolytic
- allergic, scabies

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6
Q

Definition:
- shedding of the outer layers of the skin
- your skin’s way of recovering or healing from some type of damage

A

desquamation

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7
Q

Products often used for Keratinization disorders:
- Regulate skin cell proliferation - a cytostatic effect is probably exerted on basal cells, reducing their rate of division (prevents build-up)

A

Keratoplastic
- good for genetic skin conditions, chronic

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8
Q

Products often used for Keratinization disorders:
- Reduce sebum, degreasing

A

Antiseborrheic

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9
Q

What active ingredient is this describing?
- Keratolytic & keratoplastic
- Mild follicular flushing
- Not a good Degreaser

A

Sulphur

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10
Q

What active ingredient is this describing?
- Keratolytic (remove excess build-up)
- Act synergistically
- Usually, come together

A

Salicylic Acid

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11
Q

What active ingredient is this describing?
- Keratolytic
- Follicular flushing (Demodex)
- Degreasing - “seborrhea oleosa”
- Can bleach hair, cloth, furniture

A

Benzoyl peroxide 2.5 - 3%

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12
Q

What active ingredient is this describing?
- Keratolytic & Keratoplastic
- Very degreasing - soborrhea oleosa
- Not a veterinary product
- May be toxic in CATS

A

Selenium sulfide

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13
Q

What active ingredient is this describing?
- Keratolytic
- apply twice a day until resolution of the clinical signs, then decrease frequency to once day or less

A

Salicylic Acid Gel 6.6%

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14
Q

What active ingredient is this describing?
- Restructure stratum corneum
- Control sebum production
- Control microbial flora
- Moisturizes

A

Ceramides/Fatty acids

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15
Q
  • HyLyt bath oil (Bayer)
    - fatty acids
  • DermAllay spray (Dechra)
    - oatmeal, safflower oil, ceramide
    What are these?
A

Moisturizers

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16
Q

Bacterial Infections:
What is the most common pathogen?

A

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

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17
Q

Bacterial Infections:
What is the most common clinical presentation?

A

superficial pyoderma

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18
Q

Antibacterial Therapy:
- Chlorhexidine
- Benzoyl Peroxide (anti-bacterial effects)
- Ethyl Lactate (anti-bacterial effects)
- Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)
These are found in the form of what?

A

Shampoo/mousse/wipes

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19
Q

Antibacterial Therapy:
- Silver sulfadianzine
- Medical-grade honey
- Mupirocin (anti-bacterial)
These are found in the form of what?

A

Ointment/Cream

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20
Q

Antifungal Therapy:
Name the Azoles

A
  • Miconazole
  • Ketoconazole
  • Climbazol
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21
Q

Antifungal Therapy:
Name the Allylamines

A
  • Terbinafine
  • Naftifine
22
Q

Acts by damaging the outer cell wall, causing the bacteria to become more permeable to the antimicrobial agents that act intracellularly

A

Tromethamine-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (TrisEDTA)

23
Q

Tris-EDTA is an effective _____________ agent in vitro

A

antibiofilm

24
Q

(T/F) It has been shown to enhance the efficacy of marbofloxacin and gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

True

25
Q

Treatment for Bacterial Infections:
- Antimicrobial with a broad spectrum
- Gram +/-
- Malassezia (yeast)
- Concentration 2 -4%
- Well tolerated
- Over 24h persistence
- Not drying

A

Chlorhexidine

26
Q

What is the following describing?
- Bactericidal effect by disrupting the bacterial membrane, leading to impaired cellular exchanges and precipitation of nucleic acid
- Fungistatic effect against Malassezia

A

Chlorhexidine

27
Q
  • Antibacterial
  • Keratolytic
  • Follicular flushing**
  • Degreasing - s. oleosa
  • Can bleach hair, furniture
    This is:
A

Benzoyl Peroxide
- if the skin is NOT oily, it won’t provide the best effects

28
Q
  • Antibacterial activity from the lowered skin pH
  • It is hydrolyzed in the skin to ethanol and lactic acid, lowering the skin’s pH
    This is:
A

Ethyl lactate 10%

29
Q
  • Antibacterial and antifungal
  • Silver acts on cell membrane
  • Inhibit protein synthesis
    This is:
A

Silver sulfadiazine
- can be used close to eye

30
Q

For Bacterial Infections:
- High osmolality
- Release of oxygen compounds
- Lower skin pH

A

Medical grade honey

31
Q

(T/F) The efficacy of manuka honey is affected by antibiotic resistance

A

False, it is not affected by antibiotic resistance

32
Q
  • Inhibits protein and RNA synthesis
  • Effective for Staphylococcus infections
  • Effective against most strains of Methicillin-Resistant S. pseudintemedius (MRSP)
    This is:
A

Mupirocin
- doesn’t intefior with healing

33
Q
  • Inhibit wall formation
  • Bactericidal agent
  • Decreases skin inflammation
    This is:
A

Sodium hypochlorite
- very irritant to the eye

34
Q

What are clinical signs for yeast infections?

A
  • Erythema
  • Brownish discoloration
  • Itchiness
  • Oily skin
35
Q
  • As adjunctive therapy for dermatophytosis and Malassezia dermatitis
  • As an alternative to systemic treatment in some cases of Malassezia dermatitis
A

Antifungal Shampoos

36
Q

Antifungal Active Ingredients:
- inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, a component of fungal cell membranes

A

Azoles

37
Q

Antifungal Active Ingredients:
- Inhibit the synthesis of Lanosterol

A

Allylamines

38
Q

Antifungal treatments:
- Miconazole 2%
- Chlorhexidine/miconazole/climbazole/ketocconazole

A

Antifungal Shampoos

39
Q

Antifungal treatments:
- Antifungal
- Antibacterial
- Antiparasitic (superficial mites)

A

Lime Sulfur
- stinky

40
Q
  • Skin inflammation
  • Pruritus
  • Defective skin barrier function
  • Secondary bacterial and yeast infections*
A

Allergies

41
Q

Pramoxine 1% - topical anesthetic used for…
- doesn’t last very long

A

Inflammation/Pruritis

42
Q

Oatmeal is used for…

A

Inflammation/Pruritis

43
Q

Corticosteroids are used for…

A

Inflammation/Pruritis

44
Q

Topical Corticosteroids can be divided into:
a. Low potency
b. Intermediate
c. High potency
Hydrocortisone is…

A

a. Low potency

45
Q

Topical Corticosteroids can be divided into:
a. Low potency
b. Intermediate
c. High potency
Prednisolone, triamcinolone, dexamethasone are…

A

b. Intermediate

46
Q

Topical Corticosteroids can be divided into:
a. Low potency
b. Intermediate
c. High potency
Betamethasone, and fluocinolone are …

A

c. High potency

47
Q

(T/F) When starting corticosteroid treatment, start with an intermediate or high-potency corticosteroid

A

True, switch to a low potency one for long term use

48
Q

Corticosteroids:
- For long-term use
- No more than 2 times a week

A

Hydrocortisone

49
Q

(T/F) Azoles (miconazole, climbazol, ketoconazole) and allylamines (terbinafine) can be used topically to treat yeast (Malassezia) infections

A

True

50
Q

Both_________ and essetial fatty acids improve the skin barrier function

A

Ceramides

Integumentary Sys (6 decks)

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