Module 1: Lesson 3 - Grammar Intro Flashcards
Grammar basics
____ tenses describe actions, states, and habits (depending on whether they are in the past, present, or future).
Simple tenses describe actions, states, and habits (depending on whether they are in the past, present, or future).
____ verbs indicate that an action is, was, or will be in progress. It’s formed with the auxiliary verb “to be” (in the correct tense) followed by a verb + “ing”.
Continuous verbs indicate that an action is, was, or will be in progress. It’s formed with the auxiliary verb “to be” (in the correct tense) followed by a verb + “ing”.
The ____ tenses focus on experiences and actions that are still relevant to the present (_ _), actions that happened before a certain time in the past ( ), or actions that will have happened before a certain time in the future ( ).
“been” and “-ed”
The perfect tenses focus on experiences and actions that are still relevant to the present (present perfect), actions that happened before a certain time in the past (past perfect), or actions that will have happened before a certain time in the future (future perfect).
What tense am I?
I eat pizza everyday.
Present Simple
What tense am I?
I will eat pizza tomorrow.
I am going to eat pizza tomorrow.
Future Simple
What tense am I?
I was eating pizza when you called.
Past Continuous
“was/were” and “-ing”
What tense am I?
I am eating pizza right now.
Present Continuous
“am/are” and “-ing”
What tense am I?
I will / am going to be eating pizza when you arrive late.
Future Continuous
“will be / going to be” and “-ing”
What tense am I?
I had eaten two pizzas when you called yesterday.
Past Perfect
“had/have” and “-ed/irregular”
What tense am I?
I have eaten pizza three times this week.
Present Perfect
“has/have” and “-ed/irregular”
What tense am I?
I will / am going to have eaten all of the pizza by the time you arrive.
Future Perfect
“will have/going to have” and “-ed/irregular”
What tense am I?
I had been eating pizza for 30 minutes when you called.
Past Perfect Continuous
“had been” and “-ing”
What tense am I?
I have been eating pizza for 20 minutes.
Present Perfect Continuous
“has/have been” and “-ing”
What tense am I?
I will / am going to have been eating pizza for one hour when you call.
Future Perfect Continuous
“will have been/going to have been” and “-ing”
Name 3 ways in which you can express grammar form.
Affirmative (positive)
Negative
Interrogative (question)
What tense am I?
Describes facts & general truths, repeated actions, scheduled events in the near future.
Present Simple
What tense am I?
Describes activities happening at the time of speaking, longer activities continuing in the current period of time, something temporary, planned future event.
Present Continuous
What tense am I?
For past events that have some relevance / importance to the present.
With “ever” / “never” to talk about life experiences.
To talk about experiences (where time isn’t important).
Repeated actions that have been repeated up to the present time.
Present Perfect
What tense am I?
When the speaker is looking back from the present to a period in the past.
The period is continuing at the moment of speaking or has recently stopped and is relevant to the present time.
Present Perfect Continuous
What tense am I?
Completed actions in the past.
Past states.
Past habits or routines.
Past Simple
What tense am I?
Interrupted continuous actions in the past (used in conjunction with the past simple).
Continuous actions at a specific time in the past.
Past Continuous
What tense am I?
The speaker is looking back to an action that happened before another action in the past.
It is used to talk about something that took place and finished before something else in the past.
Past Perfect
What tense am I?
To emphasize an action that was in progress before another action, or time, in the past.
To show the duration of an action that had occurred before another action.
A continuous event that happened before another event.
Past Perfect Continuous
What tense am I?
To make a prediction not based on evidence.
To express a voluntary action or promise.
A decision made at the time of speaking.
An action or decision that was made before the time of speaking (a plan).
To make a prediction based on evidence.
Future Simple
What tense am I?
Continuous actions which will occur at a specific time in the future.
Interrupted continuous actions in the future (used in conjunction with the present simple).
Parallel continuous future actions.
Future Continuous
What tense am I?
Used to talk about events which will be completed by a particular time in the future.
Future Perfect
What tense am I?
Used to talk about actions that will be in progress up to a point in the future.
Very specific and rarely used tense.
Future Perfect Continuous
