Module 1: Lesson 10 - Syntax Flashcards
What is syntax?
Syntax is a set of rules and processes which guide us on how a sentence is put together.
It’s all about the order of the words put together and the agreement of words used together.
It refers to the structure of a sentence and the order of words that make the sentence understandable to the listener.
What is a complement?
Additional words to complete a sentence.
It tells you more about either the subject or the object.
Give an example of a subject complement.
The children (subject) were happy.
Give an example of an object complement.
The desk is clean.
Name the 4 types of sentences.
Declarative: used to convey information or to express opinion.
Interrogative: used to ask questions.
Exclamative: used to make exclamations.
Imperative: used when giving demands.
D: John is tall.
In: Where is John?
Ex: Hurry up!
Im: Stop! / Don’t go there.
Name the 4 parts of a sentence.
Sentence: full utterance from start to finish.
Clause: group of words including subject and verb.
Phrase: 2 or more words functioning as a meaningful unit.
Word: single word within a sentence.
Name 4 types of sentence structures.
Simple: 1 independent clause with 1 punctuation mark in the end
Compound: joins 2 simple sentences by using punctuation (semicolon) or conjunctions
Complex: 1 independent clause, 1 dependent clause and usually begins with dependent clause: although, whenever, through, instead, because
Compound-Complex: more than 3 clauses, 2 independent clauses, 1 dependent clause
Name the 2 types of clauses that can be used when forming a sentence.
Main clause: group of words that can stand on its own (subject + verb).
Subordinate clause: used with a main clause, this clause doesn’t make sense when standing alone.
I met him in Madrid = the main clause
where = connective/conjunction
I studied at university = subordinate clause
