Module 1 Head And Neck Vasculature

Question 0

Facial pulse

Answer 0

Body of mandible anterior to masseter muscle

Surface projection of facial artery

Question 1

Superficial temporal pulse

Answer 1

Surface projection of pulse in superficial temporal artery

Where superficial temporal artery crosses zygomatic arch

Question 2

Carotid pulse

Answer 2

Between thyroid cartilage and sternocleidomastoid muscle

Surface objection of pulse from common carotid artery

Question 3

External jugular vein

Answer 3

Drains into scalp and face

Formed by union of retromandibular and posterior auricular veins near angle if mandible

Descends towards middle of clavicle

Often communicates with internal jugular vein, valves present at inferior end

Question 4

Parotid gland

Answer 4

Superficial part anterior to auricle, deep part posterior and medial to Ramos of mandible

Pyramidal shaped salivary gland with dense capsule (produces 25-30% of saliva)

Connected with vestibule of oral cavity by parotid duct

Serous secretions only, branches of facial nerve, retromandibular vein, and external carotid artery pass through here

Question 5

Parotid duct

Answer 5

Passes anteriorly on external surface if masseter muscle

Connects parotid gland with vestibule of oral cavity, transports parotid gland secretions

Ends in oral cavity opposite 2nd maxillary molar

Question 6

Submandibular gland

Answer 6

Medial and inferior to body of mandible

C shaped salivary gland with one duct, capsule, and both superficial and deep parts

Produces 60-70% of saliva, both serous and mucous secretions

Question 7

Internal jugular vein

Answer 7

Drains into brain, face, and neck

Formed in jugular foramen of skull, descends through neck and enters thorax

Unites with subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein

Enclosed in carotid sheath (fascial sleeve containing carotid a, jugulars, vagus nerve, and lymphatic channels)

Question 8

Common carotid artery

Answer 8

Origins in brachiocephalic trunk from arch of aorta

Exits thorax and ascends in neck

Enclosed in carotid sheath, supplies structures through branches not directly

Question 9

Internal carotid artery

Answer 9

Originates at common carotid, ascends in the neck to the base of cranium

Provides blood to eye, cerebrum, and circle of Willis

Enclosed in carotid sheath

Question 10

External carotid artery

Answer 10

Originates at common carotid, ascends in neck

Provides blood for exterior of head, face, meninges, and neck

Not in carotid sheath

Question 11

Carotid sinus

Answer 11

Located at distal common carotid or proximal internal carotid

Tunica externa contains baroreceptors, so the carotid sinus reacts to changes in blood pressure and effects heart rate and artery diameter

Question 12

Hypoglossal Nerve

Answer 12

Located at posterior cranial fossa, neck and oral cavity

Motor function for genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus, and intrinsic muscles of tongue

Connects to medulla oblongata

Innervated all tongue muscles except palatoglossus, aka CN XII

Question 13

Vagus Nerve (CN X)

Answer 13

Located in posterior cranial fossa, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen, connects to medulla oblongata

Motor function for muscles of palate, pharynx, and larynx

Sensation for thoracic and abdominal viscera, epiglottis and laryngopharynx, and external acoustic meatus

Taste from epiglottis and surrounding region

Parasympathetic for mucous glands and smooth muscles of pharynx and larynx, thorax, and abdomen, and cardiac muscle

General sensation from abdominal and thoracic viscera only includes stretch

Pain touch and temperature of epiglottis and laryngopharynx

Innervated carotid and aortic bodies