Module 1 Head and Neck Muscles

Question 0

Orbicularis occuli

Answer 0

Closes eyelids to blink or wink, forceful closing of the eye

Inner gated by facial nerve

Question 1

Frontalis

Answer 1

Elevates eyebrows, creases skin of forehead, moves scalp forward

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 2

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Answer 2

Elevation of upper lip, dilate nostrils

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 3

Nasalis

Answer 3

Flares nostril

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 4

Levator labii superioris

Answer 4

Elevation of upper lip

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 5

Zygomaticus major

Answer 5

Smile

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 6

Zygomaticus minor

Answer 6

Elevation of upper lip, produces nasolabial furrow

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 7

Orbicularis oris

Answer 7

Closes lips, puckers lips

Innervated by Facial nerve

Question 8

Buccinator

Answer 8

Compression of cheek, inflating a balloon, playing wind instrument

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 9

Platysma

Answer 9

Elevates and creases skin of neck as in expressions of horro

Depression of lower lip and mouth angle

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 10

Depressor anguli oris

Answer 10

Depression of mouth angle, grimace

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 11

Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 11

Depression of lower lip such as pout

Innervated by facial nerve

Question 12

Omohyoid

Answer 12

Depression of hyoid bone

Muscle has two bellies joined by intermediate tendon attached to clavicle by fascia

Ansa cervicalis is a nerve loop formed by ventral rami of C1-3 spinal nerves

Question 13

Sternohyoid

Answer 13

Depression of hyoid bone

Innervated by ventral rami

Question 14

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 14

Unilateral rotation of head so face turns to opposite side, bilateral flexion of head

Innervated by accessory nerve

Question 15

Brachial plexus

Answer 15

Motor and general sensation

Distribute motor function to muscles of upper limb

Sensation to skin of upper limb

5 terminal branches, 11 other branches

Question 16

Phrenic nerve

Answer 16

Motor function to diaphragm

Sensation to parietal layer of pleura and peritoneum over diaphragm, mediastinal pleura, parietal pleura

Question 17

Thyroid gland

Answer 17

Bilobed endocrine gland, additional superior conical pyramidal lobe sometimes present

Follicular cells synthesize and secrete thyroid hormones

Parafollicular cells secrete and synthesize calcitonin

Lobes lateral to trachea and larynx, enlarged thyroid known as goiter due to insufficient iodine

Question 18

Scalene

Answer 18

elevation of rib 1, lateral flexion and rotation of neck

Innervated by rami of cervical spinal nerves

Important accessory muscles of respiration

Roots of brachial plexus found between anterior and middle scalene muscles