Module 1 Head and Neck Bones Flashcards
Clavicle
Junction of neck and anterior thorax
S shaped bone aka collar bone
Located between sternum and acromion of scapula
Cervical vertebra
Located between occipital bone and T1 vertebra
7 individual vertebrae
Transverse foramen and bifid spinous processor C3-C6
C1 articulates with skull
Frontal Bone
Front of skull
Unpaired irregular shaped flat bone that forms the forehead, roof of orbits, and most of anterior cranial fossa
Contains frontal air sinuses
Articulates with parietal bone at coronal suture and sphenoid bone at sphenosquasomal suture
Greater Wing of the Sphenoid Bone
Paired lateral projections of the sphenoid bone
Forms part of middle cranial fossa and lateral aspect of skull (temple)
Inferior and Middle Nasal Conchae
Located in lateral wall of the nasal cavity
Shelf like projections of bone covered by thick mucosa
Inferior is its own bone, middle is part of ethmoid bone
Infraorbital foramen
Located in maxilla
Opening inferior to orbit
Infraorbital nerve, artery, and vein pass through here
Mandible
Located on anterior part of skull
U shaped bone aka lower jaw
Mental protuberance forms point of chin
Contains alveoli (sockets) for teeth
Manubrium
Top (superior) portion of sternum
Triangular shape; articulates with costal cartilages of ribs 1-2 and clavicles
Provides attachment for sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis major muscle
Maxilla
Anterior portion of skull
Paired irregular shaped bone
Left and right unite to form upper jaw
Contains sockets for teeth
Contains maxillary air sinus on each side
Mental foramen
Located on mandible (lower jaw)
Transmits mental nerve, artery, and vein
Nasal Bone
Small paired bone on anterior part of skull
Articulates at midline with nasal bone from opposite side
Bridge of nose (bony part of nose)
Orbit
Anterior portion of skull lateral to nasal cavity
Pyramidal space with roof, floor, and medial and lateral walls
Roof = frontal and sphenoid bones
Floor = palatine and zygomatic bones and maxilla
Lateral wall = zygomatic, sphenoid, and frontal bones
Medial wall = ethmoid and lacrimal bones, and maxilla
Perpendicular Plate of Ethmoid
Thin vertical projection of ethmoid bone in nasal cavity
Forms superior part of nasal septum
Articulates with vomer and nasal septal cartilage
Rib 1
Located in thorax
Shortest true rib
Articulates with T1, and manubrium and sternum via costal cartilage
Subclavian artery and vein groove on superior surface
Scapula
Located on posterior thorax
Overlies ribs 2-7
Large flat triangular bone; characteristics include spine, acromion, coracoid process, and glenoid cavity
Skull
Divided into cranial and facial bones
Cranial = frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, parietal, occipital, and temporal bones
Facial group = maxilla, mandible, vomer, nasal, lacrimal, and zygomatic bones
Sphenoid Bone
Unpaired irregular shaped bone of the skull
Shape resembles a butterfly (body, greater and lesser wings)
Contributes to middle cranial fossa, nasal cavities, orbits, and lateral skull
Contains sella turcica, sphenoidal air sinus, and many foramina
Supraorbital Notch
Located on frontal bone
Supra orbital nerve, artery, and vein transverse this
Thoracic Vertebra
Located in the trunk between C7 and L1
12 individual vertebrae
Characteristic features include costal demifacets, for articulation with head of rib; spinous process slopes inferiorly, heart shaped vertebral body
Vomer
Midline of nasal cavity
Plow shaped bone
Zygomatic Bone
Anterior and lateral portion of skull
Paired irregular shaped bone
Temporal process contributes to zygomatic arch
Aka cheekbone
Forms part of floor and lateral wall of orbit
Coronal Suture
Superior portion of skull
Joint between frontal and parietal bones
Parietal Bone
Lateral portion of skull
Flat paired bone
Bones articulate at sagittal suture (midline)
Articulates with frontal bone at coronal suture, occipital bone at lambdoid suture, and temporal bone at squamosal suture
Temporal Bone
Lateral and inferior portion of skull
Paired irregular shaped flat bone
Consists of squamous, petrous, mastoid, and tympanic parts
Forms the temple
Forms inferior and lateral walls of middle cranial fossa
Articulates with sphenoid bone at sphenosquamosal suture, occipital bone at lambdoid suture, and parietal bone at squamosal suture
Has mandibular fossa that forms temporomandibular joint
Forms zygomatic process that forms zygomatic arch with temporal process of zygomatic bone
Zygomatic arch
Lateral portion of skull
Bony arch formed by zygomatic bone and temporal bone
Posterior and inferior to lateral margin of orbit
Mastoid process
Mastoid part of temporal bone
Posterior and inferior to external external acoustic meatus
Provides attachment for splenius capitis, sternocleidomastoid, and posterior digastric muscles
External Acoustic Meatus
Short canal of external ear
Lateral is cartilage, medial is bony
Styloid process of temporal bone
Provides attachment for styloglossus, stylopharyngeus, and stylohyoid muscles
Condylar process of mandible
Articulates with mandibular fossa to form temporomandibular joint
Provides attachment for lateral pterygoid muscle
Hyoid bone
U shaped bone
Does not articulate with any other bone
Stylohyoid ligament, suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles and extrinsic muscles attach here
Intervertebral disc
Between C2 to S1
Outer ring contains fibrocartilage ring, inner part is mucoid material
Spinous process of cervical spine
Unpaired usually bifid
Provides attachment for muscles and ligaments
On all but C1 and coccygeal vertebrae
