Module 1: CMOP-E Flashcards
What is theory?
Theories are organized systems of ideas used to help explain or predict how things work
(Theories explain why things are the way they are)
What is the purpose of a theory?
Theory supports everything we do. Practice models, approaches, and frameworks are rooted in theory.
What is the purpose of occupational therapy theory?
Occupational therapy theory helps us to anticipate and address people’s occupational participation.
Occupational therapy theory changes as we continue to gather evidence.
What is the difference between a theory and model?
A model describes but does not explain. Theories are more likely to have tested hypotheses to explain phenomena.
In occupational therapy, the words theories and models are used interchangeably.
What is a paradigm?
Ideas, themes, values, around which theories and models are developed
What are two TYPES of theories about occupation?
- Generic theories
2. Specific theory
What are generic theories about occupation?
- Generic theories provide a “big picture” view of occupation
- They are applicable to different settings and populations
- They consider aspects about occupation (self-care, productivity, and leisure)
- They do not focus on discrete aspects of the person and environment.
Example: MOHO, Kawa River Model, CMOP-E
What are specific theories about occupation?
Specific theories provide an “up-close” view of the person and environment components, are applied only in specific settings and populations. It is possible to use more than one specific theory at a point in time.
What are two TYPES of generic models
A. Conceptual model - models that guide our thinking about understanding people as occupational beings (CMOP-E, Kawa MOHO, PEO)
B. Practice process models - models that guide our actions (CPPF)
Why is adhering to theory important in occupational therapy practice?
Applying a theoretical approach:
- Helps to shape our thinking and actions
- Is a means to communicate with and engage with clients
- Generic theories gives a broad view
- Specific theories allows us to dig deeper into component factors
What are examples of factors that influence theory selection? (Provide at least two examples)
- Client goals
- Therapist’s past experience and competency
- Therapist’s knowledge
- Practice setting
- Accessibility of literature, education
Define occupation
Occupation can be defined as everything people do in order to occupy themselves including, self-care, leisure, and productivity. It can also be defined as the activities or things that people do that give people meaning and purpose.
What are some basic assumptions about occupation? (Name at least two)
- Humans are occupational beings
- Occupation has the potential for therapeutic value
- Occupation bring meaning to life (cultural and personal)
- Occupations organize time and bring structure to life
- Occupations are idiosyncratic
- Not all occupations lead to health
Regarding occupational therapy values and beliefs, what are some values and beliefs about occupation?
- Occupation gives meaning to life
- Occupation is an important determinant of health, well-being and justice
- Occupation organizes behaviour
- Occupation develops and changes overtime
- Occupation shapes and is shaped by environment
- Occupation has therapeutic value
Regarding occupational therapy values and beliefs, what are some values and beliefs about the person?
- Humans are occupational beings
- Every person is unique
- Every person has intrinsic dignity and worth
- Every person has the right to make choices about life
- Every person has the right to self-determination
- People have some ability to participate in occupation
- People have the potential to change
- People are social and spiritual beings
- People have diverse abilities for participating in occupation
- People shape and are shaped by their environments
Regarding occupational therapy values and beliefs, what are some values and beliefs about the environment?
- The environment includes cultural, physical, institutional and social components
- The environment influences choice, organization, performance, and satisfaction in occupations
Regarding occupational therapy values and beliefs, what are some values and beliefs about health, well-being, and justice?
- Health is more than just the absence of disease
- Health is strongly influenced by having choice and control in everyday occupations
- Health has personal dimensions associated with spiritual meaning and satisfaction in occupations
- Well-being extends beyond quality of life
- Justice concerns are for meaningful choice and social inclusion, so that all people may participate fully as possible in society
Regarding occupational therapy values and beliefs, what are some values and beliefs about client-centred practice?
- Clients are experts regarding their own occupations
2. Clients must have active partners in the occupational therapy process
What is the Taxonomic Code of Occupational Performance (TCOP)?
It specifies different levels of performance related to occupation, from least complex to most complex.
- Voluntary movements/mental processes
- Action (set of movements)
- Task (set of actions towards an outcome)
- Activity (groups of tasks)
- Occupation (group of activities that bring meaning and value)
What are the three occupational purposes defined by the CMOP?
- Self-care
- Productivity
- Leisure
What are the two important functions that the CMOP achieved for the profession of occupational therapy?
- Specified the three core constructs of occupation (self-care, productivity, and leisure)
- Provided a graphical representation to explain that occupations occurs as a results of a dynamic interaction between person, occupation, and environment
Why was the CMOP-E created?
The CMOP-E added “engagement” to the model to differentiate between performing an occupation (going through the motions, to take the necessary actions to complete an activity) and engaging in an occupation (performing/involvement in an occupation with personal value attached to participation).
(i.e, a swimmer who loves to swim eventually dislikes swimming because of the pressure of competition and no longer values the activity, yet still continues to swim. Overtime, the swimmer is still performing the occupation but is no longer engaged)
What are the key concepts related to the person in the CMOP-E?
Performance and engagement components
- Cognitive
- Affective
- Physical
Essence components:
- Spirituality (centre of the model)
What are the key concepts related to occupation in the CMOP-E?
- Self-care
- Productivity
- Leisure
What are the key concepts related to the environment in the CMOP-E?
- Cultural
- Institutional
- Physical
- Social
Provide an example of a voluntary movement, action, task and activity related to an occupation.
Occupation: gardening Activity: watering the garden Task: turning on the hose Action: squeezing the trigger Voluntary movement: IP flexion
Occupation: making dinner Activity: roasting chicken Task: baste chicken Action: squeeze baster Voluntary movement: finger flexion
Occupation: getting dressed Activity: put on pants Task: choose what pants to wear Action: look through wardrobe Voluntary movement: scanning
What is at the centre of the PEO Model?
Occupational performance and engagement
Define spirituality according to the CMOP-E.
Spirituality is the essence of life, it is uniquely what it means to be human, it tells us about what people value and find meaning in
What are some questions you could ask to understand someone’s spiritually?
- Who is “x?”
- What motivates or drives “x?”
- What adjectives/qualities describe “x?”
- What is important or meaningful to “x?”
Define the cognitive, affective, and physical abilities related to the person
- Cognitive: thinking (memory, executive function, information processing)
- Affective: feeling (both intra and interpersonal)
- Physical: sensory and motor abilities
Define the different types of environment in the CMOP-E
- Physical: built or natural environment, tools and equipment
- Social: interpersonal spheres (school, family, friends)
- Cultural: customs and traditions related to any aspect of group identity (culture of a club, workplace, of a religious group etc.)
- Institutional:
What is the purpose(s) of the CMOP-E?
- Helps to organize thoughts
- Provides a well-rounded understanding of a person, their strengths, and challenges
- Provides a holistic view of individuals and their environment
- Helps to understand a person’s priorities
- Centres occupation
