Module 1 Flashcards
What is a phlebotomist responsible for?
Specimen collection and PR.
What is a bit of the history of phlebotomy?
Pus puller
Blood letting
Barber/surgeons
Bleeding
Vacutainer
What is the function of the circulatory system?
Supply cells with oxygen and nutrients
Remove wastes
What does the systemic circulatory system do?
Oxygenated blood to tissues
Deoxygenated blood to heart
Supplies the body
What does the pulmonary circulatory system do?
Deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Oxygenated blood to the heart
Carries blood to lungs to get oxygenated
What characteristics do arteries have?
Three tunics
Thick middle layer with elastic tissue and muscle
What are the characteristics of veins?
Three tunics
Less thick middle layer
Valves to prevent backflow
What are the characteristics of capillaries?
Network to increase surface area for rapid exchange.
One layer of endothelium.
What are the different kinds of blood samples?
Arterial- evaluates gas exchange
Capillary- small amounts
Venous- most common
What is the order of attempted collection from the veins in the antecubital fossa?
- Median cubical vein- larger, closer to the surface
- Cephalic vein- lateral
- Basilic vein- last resort
Why is the basilic vein only collected from as a last resort?
It’s close to the branchial artery and cutaneous nerves.
What angle should you enter a vein at?
What is needle repositioning and where is it not recommended?
Moving the needle slightly in or out, rotating it half a turn.
Shouldn’t be excessive or in high risk areas.
What are the two components that make up blood?
Cells and plasma
What happens when coagulation factors are activated?
Clotting factor is activated (Ca needed) and activates thrombin
Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin
Fibrin clot and free serum forms
What are the two kinds of anticoagulants that can be used and what colour are their vacutainer tubes?
Heparin- antithrombin, gives fluid portion with coagulation factors, green
Dipotassium EDTA and NaCit- chelates Ca, gives whole blood, lavender
What is the difference between a serum tube and a plasma tube?
Plasma- contains an anticoagulant, gives fluid portion with coag factors
Serum- no anticoagulant, clotting occurs, get fluid portion without coag factors, red/gold tubes
What is phlebotomy?
The collection of blood specimens for diagnoses or transfusion
