Module 1

Question 1

Drug Enforcement Agency

Answer 1

Monitor prescription, distribution, storage, use of controlled substances in attempt to decrease substance abuse

Question 2

Food & Drug Agency

Answer 2

Level coding and approval of drug use

Question 3

Controlled Substances

Answer 3

1: highest risk of drug abuse
5: least risk of dependence

Question 4

Pharmacodynamic

Answer 4

How the drug affects the body: MOA

Question 5

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 5

How the body affects the drug:
timing drug action
critical [ ]
loading dose
dynamic equilibrium

Question 6

Onset

Answer 6

When the drug starts to work

Question 7

Peak

Answer 7

Most effective

Question 8

Duration

Answer 8

How long it will last

Question 9

Critical Concentration

Answer 9

amount of drug needed to cause a therapeutic effect

Question 10

Loading Dose

Answer 10

Higher dose than usual for treatment to reach critical concentration faster

Question 11

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 11

drug level in body

Question 12

Absorption (3)

Answer 12

passive diffusion
Active transport
Filitration

Question 13

Distribution

Answer 13

movement drug through systemic circulation into body tissues

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

Make drug active
Organ: liver

Question 15

First Pass Effect

Answer 15

Oral drugs are absorbed in the small intestine into portal vein to the liver where it is metabolized. Liver enzyme deactivate a large portion of drug. Active portion is transported to target organs and the inactive portion is excreted by kidney

Question 16

Excretion

Answer 16

Remove drug from system
Organ: kidney

Question 17

Therapeutic Index

Answer 17

Ratio comparing blood concentration when drug is toxic to concentration when drug is therapeutic effect

Question 18

Half-life

Answer 18

The time it takes for the amount of the drug in the body to decrease by 1/2. Helps determine duration effects and timing of dose

Question 19

Factors that influence effectiveness of drugs

Answer 19

Weight: based on 150 lb healthy individual
Age
Gender: males sooner effect because more vascular muscles while females prolonged effects because more fat
physiological factors
pathological factors
genetics
allergies to drug
tolerance

Question 20

Primary action

Answer 20

too much of drug’s desired effects causing toxicity

Question 21

Secondary action

Answer 21

Effects on the body that are not the intended therapeutic effects

Question 22

Anaphylactic allergic reaction

Answer 22

Immediate release of histamine causing mucous membrane swelling and bronchoconstriction

Question 23

Nurse’s role in medication errors

Answer 23

Right patient
Right drug
Right reason
Right storage
Right route
Right dose
Right preparation
Right time
Patient education
Right documentation

Question 24

typ