Module 1 Flashcards
the process of seeking and obtaining a sound educational base about culturally and ethnically diverse groups
Cultural knowledge
the ability to recognize one’s limitations in knowledge and cultural perspective
Cultural humility
study of multiple genes and their interactions with environmental determinants, in predicting disease susceptibility and response to medical treatment.
Genomics
reflection of the whole spectrum of human behavior, including ideas and attitudes
Culture
motivation of a healthcare professional to “want to” engage in the process of becoming culturally competent
Cultural desire
sensitivity to the patient’s heritage, sexual orientation, socioeconomic situation, ethnicity, and cultural background
Culturally competent care
the deliberate self-examination of one’s biases, stereotypes, prejudices, and assumptions about cultures that are different from one’s own
Cultural awareness
an inflexible generalization about a group.
Stereotype
an approach to the prevention and treatment of disease that takes into account an individual’s genetic profile, environment, and lifestyle
Precision medicine
the ability to collect culturally relevant data regarding the patient’s presenting problem.
Cultural skill
Person whose gender identity differs from that sex assigned at birth but may be more complex or fluid. It can encompass individuals who identify as non-binary, genderqueer, gender fluid, and a host of other descriptors.
Gender diverse
A person’s sexual, romantic, emotional, and physical attraction toward other people
Sexual orientation
Person whose gender identity differs from sex assigned at birth.
Transgender
A person’s internal sense of self and how they fit into the world from the perspective of gender.
Gender/gender identity
Not identifying as exclusively male or female within the traditional gender binary of Western European-based culture.
Non-binary
Sex assigned at birth, historically based on a cursory visualization of external genitalia.
Sex
refers to healthcare that incorporates information about an individual’s genes, proteins, and environment into the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease
Personalized medicine
The balance of _______________ and its relationship to wellness is a belief system that is held by members of many cultures, including Arab, Asian, Filipino, and Hispanic.
hot and cold
An integral part of the overall effort to respond adequately to a person in need is
Cultural awareness
a range of abusive behaviors perpetrated by someone who is or was involved in an intimate relationship with the victim
Intimate partner violence (IPV)
questions specifying the onset, location, duration, intensity, characteristics, and aggravating and alleviating factors.
Symptom analysis
questionnaire for discussing the use of alcohol, which includes cutting down, annoyance by criticism, guilty, and eye openers
CAGE
blood relatives in the immediate or extended family with illnesses that have features similar to the patient’s concern.
Family history (FH)
a brief statement of the reason the patient is seeking care
Chief Concern (CC)
work, marriage, sexual, and spiritual experiences; the patient’s use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs.
Personal and Social History (SH)
questions concerning the ability to take care of one’s daily needs that are part of the review of systems.
Functional Assessment
the patient’s state of overall health before the present problem
Past medical History
a step-by- step evaluation of the circumstances that surround the primary reason for the patient’s visit.
History of Present Illness (HPI)
The presence or absence of health-related issues in each body system.
Review of Systems (ROS)
action that will best facilitate the interview when obtaining a history from a deaf patient who can read lips?
Speaking slowly
Approximately what percentage of patients interviewed have a sexual orientation other than heterosexual?
10%
Repeating a patient’s answer is an attempt to:
confirm an accurate understanding
Type of history unique to pediatric history?
Developmental History
During an interview, your patient admits to feeling worthless and having a sleep disturbance for the past 3 weeks. These are clues that warrant the exploration of
Risk for suicide
Which questionnaire developed to screen for drug and alcohol use is recommended for adolescent patients?
CRAFFT
When questioning a patient regarding a sensitive issue, such as drug use, it is best to
Be direct, firm, and to the point
examination technique that involves striking one object against another to produce vibration and subsequent sound waves
Percussion
the part of the stethoscope that detects low-frequency sounds.
Bell of stethoscope
an instrument used to determine the degree of flexion or extension of a joint.
Goniometer
a device used to screen patients at risk for macular degeneration.
Amsler device
an instrument used for screening tests for auditory function and vibratory sensation
Tuning fork
device used to measure the height of persons able to stand erect without support.
Stadiometer
an instrument that allows the examiner to evaluate the internal eye structures
Ophthalmoscope
a function that adjusts or changes light variations of an ophthalmoscope for examination
Aperture setting
an instrument that allows the examiner to evaluate the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane.
Otoscope
an instrument that differentiates tissue, fluid, and air within a body cavity.
Transilluminator
technology that detects blood flow
Doppler
an instrument used to assess function of the middle ear.
Tympanometer
the part of the stethoscope that detects high-pitched sounds.
Diaphragm
a tool used to test visual acuity for literate English-speaking patients
Snellen
a black light used to detect fungi on skin lesions.
Wood’s Lamp
Gathering information through touch
Palpation
Used to assess for macular degeneration
Amsler grid
Measures percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen
Pulse oximetry
Source of light with a narrow beam
Transilluminator
Used to test deep tendon reflexes
Percussion hammer
Used to visualize turbinates
Nasal speculum
Assesses near vision
Rosenbaum or Jaeger
Tests for loss of skin protective sensation
Monofilament
Larger field of view in eye examination
Pan-optic Ophthalmoscope
Percussion tone over stomach
Tympani
Percussion tone over sternum
Flat
Percussion tone over lung of emphysema pt
Hyperressonant
Percussion tone over liver
Dull
Percussion tone over lung of pt with pneumonia
Dull
Percussion tone over lung of normal pt
Resonant
Percussion tone over abdomen
Dull
infection control guidelines currently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for the care of all patients
Standard Precautions
A patient states that even after he urinates he doesn’t feel like his bladder is really empty. Which instrument can be used to determine if his bladder incompletely empties?
Portable ultrasound unit
How does infection control practice in an outpatient setting such as a clinic compare with that in the acute-care setting?
It’s the same
Example of when trans illumination is appropriate tool to use
Detection of fluid in sinuses
instrument used in conjunction with a simple nasal speculum to visualize the lower and middle turbinates of the nose?
Penlight
As a component of palpation, what surface if the hand is most sensitive to vibration?
Ulnar surface of hand
The term intensity, when used in relation to percussion tones, refers to
The loudness of the tone
Indirect finger percussion involves striking the middle finger of the nondominant hand with
the tip of the middle finger of the dominant hand
A patient has a urinary tract infection. The examiner wishes to assess tenderness over the kidney. What examination technique is appropriate?
Firm fist percussion over the kidney
The examiner has detected a superficial mass in the skin. What part of the hand is best to use to palpate this mass?
Fingertips and fingers
Ideally, auscultation should be carried out last, except when examining the
Abdomen
The tubing of a stethoscope should be less than 18 inches long to prevent
distortion of sounds during auscultation
The bell is pressed ______________ against the skin to detect _______- frequency sounds.
Lightly; low
While performing an internal eye examination, the examiner observes a fundal lesion. What feature on the ophthalmoscope permits the examiner to estimate the size and location of the lesion?
Grid aperture
An ophthalmoscope has positive and negative magnification in order to
compensate for myopia or hyperopia in the examiner’s or the patient’s eyes.
The difference between a tuning fork for auditory screening and one for vibratory sensation is
The sound frequency generated
Very young children may feel threatened by the use of a reflex hammer during examination. What could the examiner use in place of a reflex hammer that would be less threatening?
Examiners finger
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the healthcare provider should apply infection control measures when caring for which group of patients?
All patients regardless of their infectious status
Unique comes from what Latin word and what does it mean
Unus; “one”
Three questionnaires used for adolescents
HEAADSSS; PACES; CRAFFT
Assessment tool to assess older adults ADLs and IADLs
DEaTTH SHAFT
Chemical irritation that does not involve the immune system. Symptoms usually dry, itching, irritates areas on the skin, typically the hands
Irritant constant dermatitis
Dorsal surface of the hand is best for estimating ______________
Temperature
Used to detect strabismus
Strabismoscope
Cultural humility involves:
Meeting patients where they are
Culture includes what factor
Entertainment
A person’s definition of illness is likely to be most influenced by:
Encultration
Being sensitive to cultural differences that may exist between you and the patient is most useful in the avoidance of:
Miscommunication
A health history that is designed to chronicle events that have occurred since the patient’s last visit is called a(n):
Interim history
Which communication technique should the APRN use to confirm the patient’s meaning?
Reflect
A Cobb angle > ______ degree is best for surgery
40
What should you already think if someone is a chronic smoker with raspy voice or PMH of GERD
Difficult airway
Cultural humility involves: A. Meeting patients where they are B. Teaching patients about alternative medicine C. Providing holistic care D. Improving language barriers
A
Culture include which factor? A. Entertainment B. Job position C. Family tree D. Travel
A
A person’s definition of illness is likely to be most influenced by: A. Socioeconomic class B. Ritual C. Enculturation D. Age group
C
Being sensitive to cultural differences that may exist between you and the patient is most useful in the avoidance of: A. Miscommunication B. Stereotypic Judgement C. Opinion formation D. Prejudice
A
A health history that is designed to chronicle events that have occurred since the patient’s last visit is called a(n): A. Interim history B. Problem history C. Inventory history D. Complete history
A
All of the following tools are beneficial to use when screening adolescents EXCEPT: A. CRAFFT B. HEEADSSS C. PACES D. KATZ
D
Which communication technique should the APRN use to confirm the patient’s meaning? A. Reflect B. Facilitate C. Interpret D. Empathize
A
During palpation, which area of the hand is the best for distinguishing vibration? A. Finger tips B. Dorsal surface of the hand C. Palmer surface of the hand D. Ulnar surface of the hand
D
When performing indirect percussions, the stationary finger is struck: A. At the middle joint B. At the distal interphalangeal joint C. At the ulnar surface D. When it is in contact with a fist
B
Expected normal percussion tones include: A. Dullness over the lungs B. Tympani over an empty stomach C. Flatness over an empty stomach D. Hyper resonance over the lungs
B
