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World History & Economics > Modern World System > Flashcards

Modern World System Flashcards

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0
Q

Einstein’s Theory of Relativity consisted of ?

A
  1. General Relativity

2. Special Relativity

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1
Q

What were the major advances in science & technology in the early 20th Century (1900s) ?

A
  1. Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
  2. The first Ford Model T
  3. First successful airplane flight
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2
Q

What did Einstein’s Theory of Relativity do ?

A

Challenged the idea that space and time were separate and absolute concepts

    • time and space could be changed
    • space could contract when great speeds were attained
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3
Q

How did Einstein change the face of physics?

A
  1. Introduced space time - helped scientists and physicists explain the movement of planetary bodies, stars
  2. Nuclear weapons and power
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4
Q

What was the first car produced using the assembly line method?

A

Ford Model T

In turn we have a very automotive-driven culture

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5
Q

Who helped engineer the very first airplane flight?

A

The Wright Brothers

  • more refined now
  • planes extremely important to travel around the world
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6
Q

What revolution did we see with the rise of communism?

A

Bolshevik revolution

  1. Tried to throw off rule from the czars in Russia
  2. Built upon ideas from Karl Marx /
    Lenin
  3. Create a governmental system that would run all aspects of economy
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7
Q

What did the idea of communism have?

A

That wealth would be spread throughout the country and not just to the upper level

  • idea grew quickly and spread *
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8
Q

What were the existing conflicts prior to WWI?

A

Imperialism

Big countries in Europe having colonies throughout the world

** allegiances made between leaders - caused tension

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9
Q

Who was the person who was assassinated that caused all conflicts in Europe come to a final rise?

Assassinated by?

A

Assassination of

Franz Ferdinand - Austro-Hungarian Duke in 1914 (heir to the throne)

Serbian extremists

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10
Q

After the assassination of Austro-Hungarian duke Franz Ferdinand, what arises?

A

Austro-Hungarians had reason to declAre was against Serbia

In turn

All other countries who had tension and allegiance to one another began going to war

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11
Q

Who supported Serbia?

Austria?

A

Russia, France, and Britain supported Serbia

Germany supported Austria

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12
Q

The WWI employed new ?

A

New:

Land
Air
Sea

Technologies & tactics

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13
Q

What is “trench-warfare” and where was it prevalent during World War I?

A

France & Belgium

Ppl created trenches and hunker down in them

Very hard to overtake

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14
Q

Who was a famous aerial figure during WWI?

A

Red Baron

Planes fighting planes

Aerial bombing - pilot throws bomb

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15
Q

What new machines were used during WWI?

A

Machine guns
Tanks
Submarines

16
Q

When Germany is defeated in WWI what is signed? What are the terms?

A

Treaty of Versailles in 1919

  • harsh terms -

give up:
oversea colonies
Army

Pay:
Substantial penalty financially -

humiliating for Germany - causes a lot of financial problems

** set stage for WWII

17
Q

What drastically changes the face of Europe and what do we see?

A

WWI

Austro-Hungarian Empire broken up

Ottoman Empire broken up

Creation of new countries
and boundaries for existing countries

18
Q

With:

Treaty of Versailles and the Humiliation, poverty, & financial problems in Germany

Depression in Europe

What occurred?

A
  1. Adolf Hitler blamed problems on the Jewish people and other minorities
  2. Wanted to get rid of them
    - “Final Solution”
19
Q

How was Hitler’s final solution carried out?

A 
Taking:
Jews 
Minorities
People with disabilities 
Homosexuals

Were put into concentration camps

  • forced labor
  • put to death - gassed
20
Q

How many Jewish people were killed during the Holocaust?

A

6 million of 9.5 million people living in Europe were killed

  • they say the other countries did not totally understand the scale and magnitude of what was going on
21
Q

What do other countries begin to oppose in Germany?

A

They opposed the movement of Germany taking back lost land and gain new land

Ex. Poland

22
Q

After the attack on ________ the US entered the ________ ?

During ?

A

Attack on Pearl Harbor
Entered WWII

The middle 20th century (1900s)

23
Q

Who made up the Allied Powers of WWII? The Axis?

A

Allies - US, France, Britain, Russia

Axis - Germany, Italy, Japan

24
Q

Who won in the WWII and what was a result of WWII in Europe?

A

Allies defeated the Axis

Colonies across the world were gaining independence from European countries

  • were exhausted financially (general weakened power)
  • countries left damaged from war
  • didn’t have the man power to run colonies
25
Q

India was originally a what type of colony?

A

British

26
Q

What war began after WWII?

A

Cold War - between

The two main powers left after WWII:

US
&
USSR - mainly Russia, but also other countries (all communist)

27
Q

The Cold War was a battle between?

When?

A

Capitalism & Democracy

Vs

Communism - is established in China also

Latter 20th century (1900s)

28
Q

How does the Cold War escalate?

A

The world is divided into capitalist and communist spheres of influence

29
Q

What proxy-wars were being fought during the Cold War?

A
  1. Korean War
  2. Vietnam War

Stop the spread of communism into southern parts of these countries

30
Q

What was globalization occurring in the latter 20th century?

A

U.N.

  • United Nations created to general rules of how countries can interact and discuss grievances against one another
  • stabilize things between countries
31
Q

Why was the WTO created?

A

The World Trade Organization was created to promote trading between countries

32
Q

Why was the IMF created?

What did it lead to?

A

International Monetary Fund allows a centralized currency exchange between countries

  • helped create multinational corporations
  • British petroleum (sells and finds oil around the world
  • Intel (chips are made in Silicon Valley - products created around the world)
33
Q

In the latter 20th century, what do we see an increased speed of?

A

Speed of Transportation

  • jets/ships are improved - improved transportation of goods
  • a lot more trade between nations
34
Q

What is “off shoring”?

A

Companies sending production to other countries if things can be produced more cheaply

Which lead to

Protective tariffs

35
Q

What are protective tariffs?

A

Tax on imports and exports

Protection against “off shoring”

** if a good is produced elsewhere it will receive a tax when it gets back to ensure equality in the pricing for goods produced locally **

  • government controlling economics to ensure equality -
36
Q

With the addition of cell phones and internet in the latter stages of the 20th century (1900s) what occurred?

A

Global culture

Ease of communication between countries - exchange of:

Culture
Entertaiment

37
Q

Who laid out the plans for the “space race” for the US?

A

John F. Kennedy

World History & Economics (10 decks)

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