Cross-Cultural Comparisions Flashcards

0
Q

What is culture?

A
That complex whole which includes knowledge, 
beliefs, 
arts, 
morals,
 law, 
custom

&

Capabilities & habits acquired by man as a member of society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is one of the values of understanding cultures?

A

Comparing similarities & differences between cultures

Compare unifying characteristics. Understanding one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is ethnography?

A

Study of a single society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is ethnology?

A

Comparative study of many societies

Individual ethnography comes before ethnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

By examining the similarities & differences between various groups, we are better able to understand ?

A

Themes in Human History
Causes behind events

In turn

Able to better understand ourselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the four levels of cultural complexity that Anthropologists usually talk about?

A
  1. Band
  2. Tribe
  3. Chiefdom
  4. State
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a band?

A
  1. Groups of Related families
  2. Typically foragers
  3. Often nomadic
  4. Little or no formal leadership

Ex.

Eskimos / Australian Aborigines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a tribe?

A
  1. Several extended families
  2. Connected by marriage/age grades/warrior societies
  3. Pastoralists / Horticulturalists
  4. Lack central government
  5. Often War-Like

Ex. Masai of East Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a chiefdom?

A
  1. Chief (permanent offices with rules of succession
  2. Centralized government (hierarchy of rule)
  3. No police or army to exercise absolute rule
  4. People are ranked

Ex. Kirghiz of Central Asia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a state?

A
  1. Monopoly over legitimate power
  2. Agencies - Army & Police
  3. Stratified
  4. Complex bureaucracies
  5. Taxation & Markets
    - makes money / regulates trade
  6. System of codified law

Ex. Federal States of Japan & China

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are bureaucracies?

A

Divisions of the government responsible for specific types of affairs and oversight

Ex. Us has different bureaus like

Department of Motor Vehicles
Department of Interior - Land Affairs

Go to specific bureaus for each individualized issue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly