MODERN GENETICS & EVOLUTION UNIT

Question 1

Species:

Answer 1

individuals that mate and produce
fertile (can bear children) offspring.

Question 2

Variation:

Answer 2

differences between individuals
of the same species.

Question 3

Adaptation:

Answer 3

a trait (feature) that helps an
individuals survive and reproduce; very
helpful variation.

Question 4

Natural Selection:

Answer 4

the process by which
individuals that are better adapted to the
changing environment (nature) are more
likely to survive and reproduce than other
individuals of the same species (extinct).

Question 5

Species:

Answer 5

individual → living children that can reproduce

Question 6

Adaptation:

Answer 6

beneficial variation

Question 7

Natural Selection:

Answer 7

nature “picks” who
continues on and who doesn’t (extinction)

Question 8

Extinction:

Answer 8

species (individuals) no longer
exist.

Question 9

Evolution:

Answer 9

change (in physical shape) over
time

Question 10

Variation:

Answer 10

differences between individuals

Ex: a classroom of people

Ex: pride of lions

Question 11

Evolution:

Answer 11

physical change in a species over time.
Example: human brain size increased over time

Question 12

Natural Selection Examples:

Answer 12

1] white & brown fur rabbits vs. white fox in Alaska

2] short and long neck dinosaur

Question 13

Test Evolution:

Answer 13

bacteria in laboratory

Why ? reproduce very rapidly; “babies” every day,
asexual reproduction (cell division).

Question 14

Extinction:

Answer 14

death of a species because it can not
adapt to the changing environment.

Question 15

speed

Answer 15

the rate at which someone or something is able to move or operate.
“we turned onto the runway and began to gather speed”

Question 16

velocity

Answer 16

the speed of something in a given direction.

Question 17

acceleration

Answer 17

a vehicle’s capacity to gain speed within a short time.

Question 18

increasing speed

Answer 18

car speeds up at green light

Question 19

decreasing speed

Answer 19

car slows down at red light

Question 20

changing direction

Answer 20

car takes a turn

Question 21

Acceleration:

Answer 21

object’s speed increases

Example: pitcher throws a ball

Bat hits a ball

Car passes another car

Biking down hill

Question 22

Deceleration:

Answer 22

object’s slowing down; also
called “negative acceleration”

Example: catching a soft ball

Car stops at a light

Boat stops pulling water skier.

Question 23

changing direction:

Answer 23

a constant speed with a change in direction.

Example: car accelerates around a gentle curve in a road or
changing lanes

Runner accelerates around a curve on the track.

Circular motion: ferris wheel’s accelerate