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7th grade science > blood and lymph > Flashcards

blood and lymph Flashcards

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1
Q

Blood Composition:

A

plasma, red blood cells,
white blood cells, platelets; produced by the red
bone marrow.

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2
Q

Plasma:

A

liquid part; 90% water, 10% nutrients
(glucose, fat, vitamins, minerals), waste: “CO2,
water vapor”, proteins, chemical messengers.

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3
Q

Red Blood Cells:

A

carries oxygen to body cells; contains
hemoglobin (iron protein); lifespan 4 months; if blood bright red,
oxygen present, if blood dark red/brown, no oxygen present

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4
Q

White Blood Cells =

A

Immune System

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5
Q

White Blood Cells:

A

disease fighting cells; lifespan
months-years; specialized cells

Example:

Cells: alarm system (T-cells & B-cells)

Cells produce chemicals (antibodies) to fight invasion

Cells that attack the invaders

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6
Q

Platelets:

A

clot blood;

produces fibrin protein

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7
Q

Blood Type

A

: surface molecules found on
red blood cells

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8
Q

Rh Factor:

A

also surface molecules found
on red blood cells

If Rh +, have Rh factor

If RH -, don’t have RH factor

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9
Q

Blood Types:

A

A, B, AB, O; three allele types: A, B, O

Universal Receiver: AB

Universal Donor: O

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10
Q

Transfusion:

A

transfer of blood from one
organism to another organism; if blood
clumps, clogs capillaries, results in death

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11
Q

Lymphatic (Filtering) System:

A

cleans
and returns fluid to Circulatory System

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12
Q

Lymph:

A

contains water, glucose, white
blood cells

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13
Q

Lymph Nodes:

A

traps invaders
microorganisms (bacteria); node – “filter”

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14
Q

Arteries:

A

blood flows away from the heart;

3 cell layers, thick walled, under high blood
pressure

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15
Q

Veins:

A

blood flows towards the heart; Valves
prevent backflow due to low blood pressure;

3 cell layers, thin walled

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16
Q

Capillaries:

A

connect arterioles to veinuoles;
The site of capillaries/tissues is where
nutrient/waste exchange by diffusion takes
place; 1 cell layer

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17
Q

Capillary

A

(nutrient & waste)
Exchange with
Tissue (Body) Cells

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18
Q

Pulse:

A

expansion and relaxation of the artery
wall

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19
Q

Diffusion (osmosis):

A

movement of
molecules from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration (through
membrane).

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20
Q

Blood Pressure:

A

caused by the contraction
of the heart’s ventricles. As blood moves away
from the heart, blood pressure decreases.

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21
Q

how many cells does the body have

A

theHuman body consists of 30-60 trillion
body cells

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22
Q

Respiratory System:

A

moves oxygen from
atmosphere to body cells; removes gaseous
waste (CO2 & water vapor)

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23
Q

Respiration:

A

is the chemical reaction:

Sugar + oxygen → energy + CO2 + water vapor

24
Q

Breathing:

A

is the movement of air into and
out of the lungs.

25
Q

Nose:

A

air enters through nostrils

26
Q

Pharynx:

A

throat; shared with digestive
system

27
Q

Larynx:

A

voice box; vocal cords

28
Q

Trachea:

A

windpipe; tube from pharynx to
bronchus (lung)

29
Q

Epiglottis:

A

trachea (windpipe) flap during
swallowing of food & liquids

30
Q

Bronchi:

A

tube branches within lungs

31
Q

Lung:

A

organ that transfers gases from the
environment (atmosphere) into or out of
the Circulatory System.

32
Q

Alveoli:

A

grapelike structures at end of
bronchioles surrounded by capillaries.

Excretory System’s Gas Waste

Site of gas exchange (O2, CO2, H2Og)

in, out, out

33
Q

Circulatory
(Cardiovascular)
System:

A

a tube
(transport) system
which carries
nutrients to body
cells and carries
away waste. Blood
moves through
these tubes
carrying nutrients
and waste as well
as contains cells
that fight disease.

34
Q

Heart:

A

consists of four
(4) chambers that
pumps blood through
out body

35
Q

Atria:

A

upper chambers
that receives blood

36
Q

Ventricles:

A

lower
chambers that pumps
blood away from
heart.

37
Q

RIGHT
VENTRICLE:

A

pumps
blood to LUNGS

38
Q

** LEFT VENTRICLE:

A

pumps blood to
BODY (AORTA)

39
Q

Valve (veins):

A

prevents backflow (due to
lower blood pressure)

40
Q

Pacemaker:

A

sends out electrical signal to
heart; heart muscle contracts regularly.

41
Q

Blood Vessels Types:

A

Arteries: carries blood AWAY from heart

Veins: carries blood to heart; has VALVES

Capillaries: tiny thread-like vessels for nutrient &
waste exchange between blood and body cells.

42
Q

Excretory System:

A

collects and removes
waste; NO SHIT! I mean . . . YES, SHIT!

43
Q

solids -

A

rectum of Digestive System

44
Q

liquids -

A

kidneys of Urinary System

45
Q

gases -

A

lungs of Respiratory System.

46
Q

Urology:

A

the study of the urine and the

genitourinary tract in health and disease.

47
Q

Proctology:

A

the branch of medicine concerned
with the anus and rectum.

48
Q

Excretory Organs =

A

kidneys, lungs, skin
ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

49
Q

Kidneys:

A

organ which removes liquid waste from
the blood; a “filter”; humans have 2 kidneys

50
Q

Urea:

A

breakdown of protein (yellow color)

51
Q

Ureter:

A

tube which connects from kidneys to
urinary bladder.

52
Q

Urinary Bladder:

A

saclike muscular organ which
stores urine.

53
Q

Urethra:

A

tube which connects urinary bladder to
outside of body.

54
Q

Kidney:

A

contain many nephrons; Each
nephron filters the blood. By the process
of osmosis (diffusion), urea and some
water is removed but sugar and much of
the water is returned to the blood
(reabsorption). The urine is then stored in
the urinary bladder for future removal from
the body.

55
Q
A

7th grade science (9 decks)

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