Modele 2 - things to note from lesson questions

Question 1

three main components of an atom

Answer 1

positively charged protons // negatively charged electrons // neutrons with a neutral charge

Question 2

which two compents make uo a nucleus of an atom

Answer 2

proton & neutron

Question 3

what defines the atomic number of an atom

Answer 3

number of protons

Question 4

atomic mass

Answer 4

measure of the weight of an atom // electrons weigh an insignificant amount // atomic mass = atom’s protons + neutrons

Question 5

four elements that make up majority of the human body

Answer 5

hydogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon

Question 6

periodic table

Answer 6

atoms have a neutral charge, same number of potons and electrons,

Question 7

atomic number

Answer 7

of protons

Question 8

phosphorous atomic number 15– # of electrons in its innermost shell? valence shell? # of electrons needed to fill valence shell?

Answer 8

15 electrons /// innermost shell can only hold 2 so 2, // 8 in next shell for 10 total // valence shell has 5, needs 3 more to fill its shell

Question 9

ionic bond

Answer 9

one atom donates electrons to the other

Question 10

ionic bond (charges of the two ions if one is donatingn two electrons to participant)

Answer 10

the participant that is losing two electrons becomes more positive (+2), the other participant would gain two electrons become more negative (-2)

Question 11

why dont noble gases such as helium, argun, and neon, form bonds with other atoms

Answer 11

they all have full valence shells, they dont need electrons to fill their outermost electron shell

Question 12

covalent bonds

Answer 12

atoms that share electrons

Question 13

ionic bond

Answer 13

electrons are donated to a receiving participant

Question 14

two highly electronegative atoms that often create polar covalent bonds

Answer 14

oxygen and nitrogen are highly electronegative

Question 15

bonds in water (h20)

Answer 15

polar covalent

Question 16

bonds in methane (carbon & hyrdogen)

Answer 16

nonpolar covalent

Question 17

polar

Answer 17

unequal sharing of electrons

Question 18

polar

Answer 18

unequal sharing of electrons

oxygen or nitrogen

Question 19

ionic / covalent / hydogen [BONDS] srong?

Answer 19

ionic and covalent bonds are strong // hydrogen bonds are very weak

Question 20

monosaccharides

Answer 20

glucose or fructose

Question 21

disaccharides

Answer 21

sucrose, maltose, lactose

Question 22

polysaccharides

Answer 22

starch, cellulose, glycogen

Question 23

molecule used by humans to store excess glucose

Answer 23

eat the plant starch and store excess glucose as glycogen

Question 24

carbohydrates

Answer 24

are polar, are hydrophilic, dissolve readily in water

Question 25

chemical structures of saturated and unsaturated fats

Answer 25

unsaturrated fats have double bonds netween

Question 26

chemical structures of saturated and unsaturated fats

Answer 26

unsaturrated fats have double bonds between some of their carbons, causing kinks, which dont allow them to pack very tightly so unsaturated fats are liquids at room temperature // saturated are solid

Question 27

fats and oils

Answer 27

non polar // dont readily disolve in water / hydrophobic

Question 28

three main components that make up every amino acid

Answer 28

amino group, carboxy group, R group

Question 29

DNA vs RNA

Answer 29

DNA (A T C G), RNA (A U C G) t vs u / RNA (ribose sugar), DNA (deoxyribose sugar)

Question 30

DNA

Answer 30

adenine pairs with thymine // cytosine with guanine

Question 31

yes we eat cells, and they contain nucleic acids

Answer 31

because we eat food that comes from living things

Question 32

how much of the body is made up of water

Answer 32

2/3’s of body is water

Question 33

hydrogen bond

Answer 33

forms between the oxygen of one molecule and the hydrogen of the other molecule.

Question 34

carbohydrates, many proteins, and nucleic acids dissolve so readily in water

Answer 34

these macromolecules are all polar like water and polar dissolves in polar

Question 35

solute vs solvent

Answer 35

solute is the thing thats bein disolved solvent is what its been disolved in to

Question 36

forming and breaking of hydrogen bonds takes a long time to happen

Answer 36

thats why water takes a long time to freeze or boil

Question 37

as water freezes

Answer 37

hydrogen bonds form

Question 38

neutral pH #

Answer 38

pH 7

Question 39

pH 2 (acidic, basic, neutral?)

Answer 39

acidic

Question 40

pH 8 (acidic, basic, neutral)

Answer 40

basic

Question 41

pH changes from 9 to 11

Answer 41

more basic (10 X 10) 100 times more basic

Question 42

coke

Answer 42

ph 3 / acidic / bad / breaks down enamel