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BIO 160IN Human Anatomy Physiologyq > Exam 1 (items for 4 quizes) > Flashcards

Exam 1 (items for 4 quizes) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

brachial region

A

arm

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2
Q

normal range

A

range of values around the set point that do not cause a reaction by the control center

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3
Q

control center

A

compares values to their normal range; deviations cause the activation of an effector

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4
Q

effector

A

organ that can cause a change in a value

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5
Q

sensor

A

reports a monitored physiological value to the control ce nter

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6
Q

lymphatic system

A

splee, red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and tonsils

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7
Q

negative feedback

A

air conditioner turning on cooling systemt to get to your desired temperature

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8
Q

MRI scan disadvantages

A

high cost and the need for shielding from the magnetic signals

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9
Q

thigh is one what region

A

femoral region

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10
Q

respiratory system

A

larynx, trachea, and lungs

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11
Q

bones are __ to the muscles

A

deep

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12
Q

anatomical position

A

person stands erect, eyes are forward, thumbs are lateral to the ring fingers, feet point forward

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13
Q

coronal/frontal section divides the body into

A

anterior and posterior regions

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14
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

the study of very small structures of the body using magnification

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15
Q

digestive organs found in the

A

abdominal cavity

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16
Q

smallest units of life

A

cells

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17
Q

__ combine to form organs

A

tissues

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18
Q

___ bond forms between water molecules

A

hydrogen

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19
Q

glucose

A

5 carbons and 1 oxygen contained within a ring

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20
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons

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21
Q

solute

A

the thing that is disolved

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22
Q

bond that involves the sharing of electrons

A

covalent bond

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23
Q

99% of human body made of four main elements

A

nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

24
Q

basic

A

the higher the pH level the more basic

25
Q

a molecule that is mostly hydrophobic is a

A

lipid

26
Q

water and water

A

can be held together by a hyrdogen bond

27
Q

a bond that joins two amino acids

A

peptide bond

28
Q

nucleic acids are polymers of __

A

nucleotides

29
Q

lactose

A

example of a disaccharide

30
Q

most acidic

A

the lower the solution of pH (like 1 vs. 2)

31
Q

major difference between saturated and unsaturated fats

A

saturated fats are tightly packed // unsaturated fats are packed together loosely

32
Q

requires a cell to expend energy

A

active transport and endocytosis

33
Q

blood is classified as what type of tissue

A

connective tissue

34
Q

golgi apparatus

A

membrane system within the cell that serves as a modification, sorting, and sending center for cell products

35
Q

centromere

A

the name for the point at which the two halves of a duplicated chromosome are connected

36
Q

phospholipids have

A

one hydrophilic head

37
Q

what is found in all cells

A

cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA, plasma membrane

38
Q

unified cell theory

A

cell is the basic unit of life // all living things are composed of cells // all new cells arise from exisiting cells

39
Q

epithelial tissue

A

tightly packed cells, very little material in between the cells, a free surface, avascular

40
Q

organelle directly responsible for the mobility of sperm

A

flagella

41
Q

types of epithelial tissue

A

simple squamous epithelium // stratified squamous epithelium // transitional epithelium

42
Q

in the human body, the enzyme lactase breaks ___

A

lactose into glucose and galactose

43
Q

as objects get larger and larger

A

volume increases much faster than surface area. thus, cells need to stay small in order to acquire sufficient nutrients for survival

44
Q

central dogma states that

A

DNA encodes RNA, then RNA encodes protein

45
Q

organelle that performs photosynthesis in order to create sugars

A

chloroplast

46
Q

energy transfers and transformations in living systems are always inefficient because energy is lost in the form of __

A

heat

47
Q

most dangerous type of skin cancer

A

melanoma

48
Q

what increases surface contact between the epidermis and dermis

A

dermal papilla

49
Q

sebaceous glands

A

are associated with hair follicles

50
Q

portion of the epidermis with the highest rate of cell division (mitosis) is the

A

stratum basale

51
Q

skin graft to replace lost skin is from what type of burn

A

third-degree burn

52
Q

outermost layer of the hair

A

cuticle

53
Q

layer of skin with a granular appearance

A

stratum granulosum

54
Q

skin’s response to a drop in body core temperature

A

decrease in production of sweat / decreased blood flow to the papillary layers of the skin / a switch to heat-conservation mode

55
Q

papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of

A

connective tissue

56
Q

cells that would help get rid of the bacteria from a cut that bacteria entered teh wound

A

langerhans cells

57
Q

layers of skin (top to bottom)

A

epidermis –> dermis (papillary) –> dermis (reticular) –> hypodermis

BIO 160IN Human Anatomy Physiologyq (11 decks)

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