Mod1-Lesson1

Question 1

He claimed that life is worthless without striving to know and understand ourselves.

Answer 1

Socrates

Question 2

What phrase did Socrates invented

Answer 2

“Know Thyself”

Question 3

What does knowing thyself means?

Answer 3

A person must stand and live according to his/her nature.

Question 4

What role does Socrates often play?

Answer 4

Role of a Questioner

Question 5

He emphasizes that “justice in the human person can only be attained if the three parts of the soul are working harmoniously with one another.”

Answer 5

Plato

Question 6

What is plato?

Answer 6

A Dualist

Question 7

He claimed that the soul (mind) itself is divided into three parts and that person differs as to which part of their nature is predominant:

Answer 7

Rational Soul
Spirited Soul
Appetitive Soul

Question 8

– reason;
– seeks philosophical and knowledge

Answer 8

Rational Soul

Question 9

– will, emotion, passion;
– victory loving and seek reputation

Answer 9

Spirited Soul

Question 10

• physical urges;
  – profit-loving and seeking material gain

Answer 10

Appetitive Soul

Question 11

According to Plato, was the highest and ultimate aim of both moral thought and behavior.

Answer 11

Eudaimonia

Question 12

He believed that the body possessed senses, such as imagination, memory, reason, and mind through which the soul experienced the world. And the senses can only grasp/feel the temporal objects in the material world, yet the immaterial but intangible God can only be clear to the mind if one tune into his/her immaterial self/soul.

Answer 12

St. Augustine
of Hippo

Question 13

He agreed with Plato that human being is dualistic, and he then combined his beliefs in the newfound doctrine of
Christianity.

Answer 13

St. Augustine
of Hippo

Question 14

The soul makes the human different from the animals as the soul is what animates the body, it is what makes us humans.

Answer 14

Thomas
Aquinas

Question 15

He elucidates that man is composed of two parts:

Answer 15

1. Matter
2. Form

Question 16

Refers to the common stuff that makes up everything in the universe.

Answer 16

Matter

Question 17

Refers to the essence of a substance or thing, it is what makes it what it is.

Answer 17

Form

Question 18

A French philosopher and considered as the father of
modern Western philosophy.

Answer 18

Rene Descartes

Question 19

What is Rene Descartes’s famous line?

Answer 19

“Cogito ergu sum” or “I think therefore I am”

Question 20

He stressed that everything that
can be perceived by the senses through the body could
NOT be used as proof of existence and there is only one
thing that one could be sure of in this world and that is doing?

Answer 20

The act of Doubting

Question 21

He introduced the concept of the “tabula rasa” or “blank
slate. It means that the human mind at birth is like a blank
slate that has not been written on, meaning it does not
possess innate ideas, knowledge, or pre-existing content.

Answer 21

John Locke

Question 22

What did Locke insisted?

Answer 22

That a person could only be held accountable for behaviors he/she can remember.

Question 23

Locke believed that the self is identified with?

Answer 23

Consciousness

Question 24

A Scottish Enlightenment philosopher who highlights empiricism. Empiricism is the school of thought that suggests that knowledge can only be possible if sensed and experienced.

Answer 24

Dave Hume

Question 25

Hume believed that one can only know through one’s?

Answer 25

Senses and Experiences

Question 26

He thinks that the things that men perceive around them are not just randomly infused into the human person without an organizing principle that regulates the relationship of all these impressions.

Answer 26

Immanuel Kant

Question 27

He suggests that the self is an actively engaged intelligence in man that synthesizes all?

Answer 27

Knowledge and Experience

Question 28

For him, what truly matters is a person’s daily behavior. He believed that the actions and behaviors of a person define the sense of self. “I act; therefore I am.”

Answer 28

Gilbert Ryle

Question 29

What did Ryle defended?

Answer 29

The distinction between mind and matter is a “category mistake”

Question 30

Whose idea did Ryle criticize?

Answer 30

Rene Descartes’

Question 31

He was a philosopher and author who rejected the mind-body dualism view; instead, he insisted that the mind and body are intertwined and cannot be separated.

Answer 31

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Question 32

What did Maurice argued?

Answer 32

The body is part of the mind, and the mind is part of the body.