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Technician Course MOD E 2016 > MOD E Tech 34 Wounds & Bleeding > Flashcards

MOD E Tech 34 Wounds & Bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

Wounds & Bleeding

what is a wound

A
  • A wound is a break in the continuity of tissues; it frequently includes a break in the surface of the skin or mucous membrane (an open wound) making it exposed to infection.” (IHCD, BTM 3rd Ed)
  • Management of wounds centres on:
  • Control of bleeding • Prevention of infection
  • Prevention of further complications
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2
Q

Types of Wound

A
  • Contusion
  • Laceration
  • Incision
  • Puncture
  • Gunshot
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3
Q

Bleeding & Blood Loss

Types of bleeding

describe

A

Types of bleeding:

1.External

2.Internal

1.External Bleeding – can be seen at source and may be:

  • Arterial (spurts to the pulse rate)
  • Venous (constant flow)
  • Capillary (oozes to the wound surface)
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4
Q

External Bleeding

A
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5
Q

Bleeding and Blood Loss

A
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6
Q

Internal Bleeding

Look for:

“blood on the floor and four more”

list

A

Look for:

“blood on the floor and four more”

  1. External
  2. Chest
  3. Abdomen
  4. Pelvis

5Long bones

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7
Q

Describe the characteristics of blood appearing from damage to the following organs:

  1. Lungs
  2. Stomach
  3. Kidneys
  4. Large Intestine
  5. Brain
A
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8
Q

Blood Loss

A

It is the percentage of blood loss that is of importance in the development of the clinical picture.

A small amount of haemorrhage in a child may be of serious significance whereas a similar volume lost by an adult may be of no consequence

To assess blood loss look out for blood lost:

  • In body tissues • On the patient’s clothing
  • On the floor • In wound dressings etc..
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9
Q

Blood loss in injuries

A
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10
Q

Blood loss associated with musculoskeletal injuries

A
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11
Q

Factors Affecting Bleeding

Bear in mind the:

A

Bear in mind the:

  • Depth, type and size of wound
  • Size of the blood vessel
  • Duration of bleeding - ? anticoagulants
  • Position of the injury
  • Age or size of the patient
  • Seriousness of scalp wounds
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12
Q

•Identify, in writing, the clinical consequences of bleeding and state how observation of the patient assists in assessing the severity of their condition.

A
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13
Q
A

Signs of shock

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14
Q

Management

Bleeding and Blood Loss

A

Because blood can spurt or splash, use appropriate BSI precautions.

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15
Q

Management of External Bleeding

A

Effective management may be achieved by:

  • ABC
  • Controlling any catastrophic haemorrhage
  • Inspecting for foreign bodies or debris
  • Applying direct pressure
  • Elevating the injured area
  • Placing the patient in a position of rest
  • Dressing wounds
  • Immobilising the injured area
  • Re-checking wound dressings for effectiveness
  • Observing for control of bleeding and impairment of circulation - ? Tourniquet if exsanguinating/catastrophic haemorrhage
  • Treating for shock
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16
Q

Wound Dressings

Should be:

A

Should be:

  • Large enough to completely cover the injury
  • Sterile
  • Absorbent, non-adherent material
  • Applied to provide sufficient pressure to control bleeding
17
Q

exposed bowel

A
  • Cover exposed bowel with warmed dressings soaked in a crystalloid solution
  • Do Not attempt to push organs back into the abdomen
18
Q

Foreign Bodies Wound Dressings

A
  • Construct a built up dressing of sterile pads around the wound
  • Cover and seal with a large wound dressing to provide indirect pressure without disturbing the foreign body
  • Secure long objects to prevent their movement
19
Q

Management of Internal Bleeding

A

Effective management may be achieved by:

  • Ensuring an open airway
  • Providing oxygen therapy
  • Assessing the pulse and acting on your assessment
  • Positioning the patient appropriately for their injuries and level of consciousness
  • Elevating the lower limbs

Loosening restrictive clothing

  • Anticipating vomiting and giving nothing by mouth
  • Moving the patient as little as possible
  • Keeping constant observation of pulse, respiration, level of consciousness
  • Observing closely for signs of shock
  • Consider pain relief
20
Q

Amputations

A
  • Wrap in sterile gauze, moistened
  • Seal in plastic bag
  • Place on ice if possible
  • Never directly onto ice
  • Dress stump with moist dressings
  • Pain relief
21
Q

Briefly describe the following terms:

  • Contusion
  • Epistaxis
  • Haematemesis
  • Haematoma
  • Haematuria
  • Haemoptysis
  • Haemorrhage
  • Hyphaema
  • Melaena
A
22
Q

Terminology

  • Contusion
  • Epistaxis
  • Haematemesis
  • Haematoma

Haematuria

  • Haemoptysis
  • Haemorrhage
  • Hyphaema
  • Melaena
A

•Haemorrhage

Bleeding

•Hyphaema

Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye

•Melaena

Blood contained in the faeces

Technician Course MOD E 2016 (18 decks)

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