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exceptional ch > Mod 9b > Flashcards

Mod 9b Flashcards

1
Q

in edu context, hearing aid, has residual hearing to process linguistic information through audition

A

hard hearing

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2
Q

people who are deaf are unable to hear sounds at ____ decibels or more

A

90

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3
Q

people who are hard of hearing are unable to hear sounds ______ 90db

A

below

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4
Q

in educational context, cant process ling info with/without hearing aid

A

deaf

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5
Q

when someone is born deaf

A

congenitally deaf

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6
Q

when someone becomes deaf after birth

A

ADVENTITIOUSLY DEAF

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7
Q

deafness * occurs at birth or before the dev of speech and language

A

pre lingual deaf

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8
Q

deafness after language dev, typically 12-24mo difference

A

post lingual

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9
Q

hearing threshold levels focus on hearing ____, ____ on speech and _____ ability

A

sensitivity, stress, language

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10
Q
  • more than — of kids getting spec ed for hearing come from diverse backgrounds, IN na MANY non English speaking immigrants = deaf
A

50%,

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11
Q

this part of the ear has the auricle, external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane

A

outer ear

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12
Q

this part of the ear has OSSICLES(3 little bones)
‣ Malleus
‣ Stapes
‣ Oval Window

A

middle ear

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13
Q

this part of the ear has the vestibular mechanism, ‣ 3 semi cirle canals (snails) 2 fluid filled cavity, fluid moves when ossicles move and fluid is changed into electrical impulses
accounts for balance too, not only sound , is affected by ear fluid
and the cochlea

A

inner ear

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14
Q

Establishes hearing at different frequencies (e.g., 250 Hz)
‣ * Usually measure 0 dB to 110 dB
‣ * For each frequency, the audiologist records a measure of degree of hearing
‣ impairment.
‣ each ear tested seperately

A

◦ PURE TONE AUDIOMETRY

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15
Q

during _____, ‣ use computer to measure OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS which indicate how well cochlea is functioning by giving auditory stimulation
‣ this is done when newborn - very important
* follow up needs to be done at 3 and 6mo
* part of well baby visits
* intervention starts at 6 months if hearing impairment
* without follow up not many are identified until school age

A

screening

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16
Q

‣ tests detection and understanding of speech.
‣ * Speech reception threshold (SRT): the decibel level at which a person can
‣ understand speech

A

◦ SPEECH AUDIOMETRY

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17
Q

the ____ ___ ____ _____ (sound banana)* helps to see if loss is conductive, sensoryneural or both
* pure tone audio tests can be transferred here to see whats above (cant hear, soft sounds) or below (can hear)
* most concern of speech banana because where most social stuff happens

A

audiogram of familiar sounds

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18
Q

larger the db, larger the ____

A

sound

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19
Q

sound is painful at _____ or louder

A

125dB

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20
Q

the lowest level at which people with normal hearing
can hear

A
  • Audiometric zero
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21
Q
  • number of vibrations per unit of time for sound wave* measured in cycles/second or hertz (Hz); 1 Hz = 1 cycle/second
A

freq/pitch (hz)

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22
Q
  • Frequencies: we can hear frequencies from____ _____ Hz; many of
  • these audible sounds are outside the speech range
A

20 – 20,000 Hz

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23
Q

the energy range most important for hearing speech sounds range
* from

A

500 – 2,000 Hz

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24
Q

◦ low pitch sounds ___, ◦ high pitch sounds______

A

250-500hz, 1000-5000- most consonant letters stfsh

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25
Q

◦ interference with the transfer of sound along the conductive pathway of the middle or outer ear, ◦ outer ear = not as serious but can cause issues/hearing impairment (______, _______, ______)

A

conductive loss, atresia, external otitis, tumours

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26
Q

conductive loss in the middle ear includes problems with ____ and ____

A

ossicles, otitis media (Eustachian tubes)

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27
Q

sensironeural problems are usually in ______ ear. greater than _____ dis = inner ear problem

A

inner,60

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28
Q

Most inner ear impairments are _____, the ____ ___ gene is the most congenital cause

A

genetic, connexin 26

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29
Q

most frequent non-genetic cause of deafness in
infants)

A

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV)(Herpes)

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30
Q

the most severely affected area of development in deaf people

A
  • language comprehension and speech development
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31
Q

◦ children who get deaf _____ understand language and have more _____than congenital

A

better, advantage

32
Q

children profoundly deaf can have hard time hearing grown up speech so learning through immitation is ____

A

limited

33
Q

ASL ____ translate to British Sign Language

A

doesnt

34
Q

t/f - sign language is a true language that has grammatical complexity at the word and sentence level and there can be different dialects

A

t

35
Q

Five Parameters of ASL

A

Handshape, Location, Movement, , new ones = Orientation (palm orientation), and Facial Expressions and/or Non-manual Markers (mouthing, shoulder shrugs).

36
Q

t/f - deaf kids reach milestones at sign language like those with spoken language at around same time and can even have more vocabulary

A

t

37
Q

communication is at around _____ to ____ dbs in the speech banana

A

30-45

38
Q

according to the audiogram of familiar sounds, a dog barking can be heard at ____ db and _____ hz, but you _____ hear speech banana

A

70, 250, cant

39
Q

in the audiogram of familiar sounds, the speech banana is of big concern because it is where most

A

social communication happens

40
Q

the audiogram of familiar sounds helps to see if hearing loss is ____ , ____ or both

A

conductive, sensorineural

41
Q

the decibel level at which a person can
understand speech

A

Speech reception threshold (SRT)

42
Q

the _______ hemisphere of the brain is the neuro foundation of ASL, like spoken language

A

left

43
Q

for intellectual ability and deafness, performance tests administered in sign offer a ____
assessment and show that there ___ difference in IQ

A

fairer, inst

44
Q

t/f - in tests for deaf people, Multiple measures (including non-verbal performance tests) are used to assess intellectual ability, use ASL skill standardized tests

A

t

45
Q

most children with hearing loss perform
significantly _____ compared to hearing classmates

A

worse

46
Q

for academic achievement, * deaf kids with deaf parents usually are _______ off

A

better

47
Q

because of the significant low academic achievement compared to hearing classmates, deaf students benefit from explicit _____ based instruction as _____ and ____ awareness are characteristics of students who have reading impairments

A

phonics, phonological, phonemic

48
Q

Students with hearing impairment are at risk of social interaction problems, so including ___ _____ for all students can help all have social adjustment

A

sign language

49
Q

socially, deaf ____ have a harder time making friends

A

girls

50
Q

____ % of deaf kids have hearing parents, they have more risk of ____ beacuse they dont fit in at home

A

90, unhappiness

51
Q

Factors demarcating the Deaf community as a culture:

A
  • Linguistic differentiation
  • Attitudinal deafness
  • Behavioural norms
  • Endogamous marital patterns
    ◦ marrying in a specific group/culture/ethnic groups
  • Historical awareness
  • Voluntary organizational networks
  • common bond of sign langusge
52
Q

cochlear implants include a ___ ___ and _____, can be placed as early as ___ and result in better speech and language production, however many in the Deaf community ______ like it. recommended for _____ ___ loss

A

microphone, speech processor, colid, 12mo, dont, sensurineural bilaterla

53
Q

done to see how likely one will have a deaf child and potentially decrease the chances.Deaf culture dont like but on other hand like using it to see if there carrying the connection ___ gene

A

genetic engineering debate, 26

54
Q

teaching speech

A

oralism

55
Q

teaching manual communication

A

manualism

56
Q

promotes ASL as first language and supports instruction in Deaf culture
article - rather than having speech interventions, should have language interventions so they can communicate

A

bicultural bilingualism

57
Q

teaching both manual communication and speech

A

total communication or simultaneous communication

58
Q
  • approach focuses exclusively on using audition to improve
    speech and language development; relies heavily on amplification technology,
    such as hearing aids and cochlear implants; emphasizes speech traini
A

auditory verbal approach

59
Q
  • Focus on visual cues (speechreading, mouth movements and cued speech)
A

auditory oral approach

60
Q

involves teaching children to use visual information to understand what is being said to them; the goal is to teach students to attend to a variety of stimuli in addition to specific movements of the lips

A

speech reading

61
Q

aids speechreading in people with hearing impairment; the speaker uses eight handshapes as cues for certain consonants, and four locations near the mouth serve as cues for vowel

A

cued speech

62
Q

different sounds that are visually identical when spoken; speech readers cannot tell the difference between the pronunciation of p, b, and m * Speakers vary in how they produce sounds
* Factors such as poor lighting, rapid speaking, and talking with one’s head turned impact speechreading

A

homophenes

63
Q

criticism for oral approaches (aud verbal and oral) include that it is ____ to learn bc of ______ and the ___ language

A

hard, homophemes, english

64
Q

a total communication approach used simultaneously with oral methods in the total communication approach to teaching students who are deaf; differs from American Sign Language because the signs maintain the same word order as spoken English (signed english systems, not a language).
◦ not true languages so not same benefits
◦ unsatisfaction with use more than ASL
◦ too slow and awkward to benefit

A

signing English systems

65
Q

the representation of letters of the English alphabet by finger positions, is also used occasionally to spell out certain words.
* Maintains syntax of English (not a language, does not have its own syntax)
* Less fluent than ASL
total communication approach

A

fingerspelling

66
Q

fluency in asl ____ with language learning. ____ be fostered because natural and efficient way for deaf students to interact with world

A

helps, should

67
Q

according to the bicultural bilingual approach (3)

A
  1. ASL is considered the primary language
  2. People who are deaf help develop program and curriculum
  3. Curriculum includes instruction in Deaf culture
68
Q

deaf community are critical of inclusion because of (2)

A

culture deficit (lack of deaf peers) social deficit (no kids to sign with)

69
Q

t/f - for deaf kids in inclusive education, it doesnt depend on individual but the classmates

A

f 0 individually varies

70
Q

Cottage Acquisition Scales of Listening Language and Speech (CASLLS)
and Visual Communication and Sign Language Checklist (VCSL) assess ____ for deaf kids

A

ability to communicate

71
Q

◦ Curriculum-based measurement
◦ STAR Reading, Math, & Early Literacy Assessments are ways of _____ for deaf kids academic skills

A

progress monitoring

72
Q

Children who are deaf, with parents who are deaf, tend to do ____ than
those with parents who are hearing (asl at same rate)

A

better

73
Q
  • kid with cochlear implant may fare better when parents are _____
A

responsive

74
Q

hearing parents shouldn’t sign with their deaf child (t or f)

A

f - they should it shows they care about language and their Childs community (deaf)

75
Q

t/f - no programs are available for deaf people in North America

A

f - there are 100+

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