Mod 7: Ch 10-Patterns of Inheritance Flashcards
Refers to an allele that masks the effect of a recessive allele on the homologous chromosomes. Also used to describe a trait associated with a dominant allele.
Dominant
The particular set of alleles that occurs in an individual’s chromosomes.
Genotype
Describes a genotype in which homologous chromosomes have different alleles of a gene.
Heterozygous
Describes a genotype in which homologous chromosomes have the same allele of a gene.
Homozygous
An individual’s observable traits.
Phenotype
Refers to an allele with an effect that is masked by a dominant allele on the homologous chromosomes. Also used to describe a trait associated with a recessive allele.
Recessive
Cross between two individuals identically heterozygous for alleles of two genes; e.g. AaBb X AaBb
Dihybrid Cross
Cross between two individuals identically heterozygous for alleles of one gene; for example Aa X Aa
Monohybrid Cross
Diagram used to predict the genotypic and phenotypic outcomes of a cross.
Punnett Square
Inheritance pattern in which the full and separate phenotypic effects of two alleles are apparent in heterozygous individuals.
Codominance
Inheritance pattern in which one allele is not fully dominant over another, so the heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate blend between the two homozygous phenotypes.
Incomplete Dominance
Inheritance pattern in which a single gene affects multiple traits.
Pleiotropy
Pattern of inheritance in which multiple genes affect one trait.
Polygenic Inheritance
Chart that marks the appearance of a phenotype through generations of a family tree.
Pedigrees
Condition of having too many people or two few copies of a particular chromosome.
Aneuploidy
