Mod 6: Ch 9-How Cells Reproduce

Question 1

Reproductive mode by which offspring arise from a single parents only.

Answer 1

Asexual Reproduction

Question 2

The collective series of intervals and events of a eukaryotic cell’s life, form the time it forms until it divides.

Answer 2

Cell Cycle

Question 3

In a cell nucleus, chromosomes that have the same length, shape, and set of genes.

Answer 3

Homologous Chromosomes

Question 4

In a eukaryotic cell cycle, the interval between divisions during which the cell grows, roughtly doubles the number of its cytoplasmic components, and replicates its DNA.

Answer 4

Interphase

Question 5

Nuclear division mechanism that maintains the chromosome number. Basis of body growth and tissue repair in multicelled eukaryotes; also asexual reproduction in some eukaryotes. Occurs in four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Answer 5

Mitosis

Question 6

Stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite spindle poles.

Answer 6

Anaphase

Question 7

In a dividing animal cell, the indentation where cytoplasmic division will occur.

Answer 7

Cleavage Furrow

Question 8

Stage of mitosis at which all chromosomes are aligned midway between spindle poles.

Answer 8

Metaphase

Question 9

Stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense and become attached to a newly forming spindle.

Answer 9

Prophase

Question 10

Temporary structure that moves chromosomes during nuclear division; consists of microtubules that elongate from two spindle poles.

Answer 10

Spindle

Question 11

Stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at the spindle poles and become enclosed by a new nuclear envelope.

Answer 11

Telophase

Question 12

Group of diseases characterized by malignant cells (abnormally dividing cells that can migrate to other body tissues).

Answer 12

Cancer

Question 13

The process in which cells of a malignant tumor spread from one part of the body to another.

Answer 13

Metastasis

Question 14

Gene that can transform a normal cell into a tumor cell. Carries a mutation that results in the inappropriate stimulation of mitosis.

Answer 14

Oncogenes

Question 15

A mass of abnormally dividing cells in a tissue.

Answer 15

Tumor

Question 16

Forms of a gene with slightly different DNA sequences; may encode slightly different versions of the gene’s product.

Answer 16

Alleles

Question 17

Reproductive mode by which offspring arise from two parents and inherit genes from both.

Answer 17

Sexual Reproduction

Question 18

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange corresponding segments during prophase I of meiosis.

Answer 18

Crossing Over

Question 19

Mature, haploid reproductive cell; e.g., an egg or a sperm.

Answer 19

Gametes

Question 20

Having one of each type of chromosome characteristic of the species.

Answer 20

Haploid

Question 21

Nuclear division process that halves the chromosome number for forthcoming gametes. Basis of sexual reproduction.

Answer 21

Meiosis

Question 22

Diploid cell that forms when two gametes fuse; the first cell of a new individual.

Answer 22

Zygote