Mod 5: Ch 7&8-DNA Structure/Gene Expression and Control

Question 1

Genetically identical copy of an organism.

Answer 1

Clones

Question 2

Process in which cells become specialized during development; occurs as different subsets of their DNA.

Answer 2

Differentiation

Question 3

Reproductive cloning method in which the nucleus of an unfertilized egg is replaced with the DNA of a donor’s body cell.

Answer 3

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT)

Question 4

Order of nucleotides bases in a strand of DNA.

Answer 4

DNA Sequence

Question 5

A chromosome of a pair that is the same in males and females; a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.

Answer 5

Autosome

Question 6

Of a duplicated eukaryotic chromosome, constricted region where sisters chromatids attach to each other.

Answer 6

Centromere

Question 7

The total number of chromosomes in a cell of a given species.

Answer 7

Chromosome Number

Question 8

Structure that consists of DNA together with associated proteins; carries part or all of a call’s genetic information.

Answer 8

Chromosome

Question 9

Having two of each type of chromosome characteristic of the species (2n).

Answer 9

Diploid

Question 10

Type of protein that associates with the DNA double helix; one of many proteins that structurally organize eukaryotic chromosomes.

Answer 10

Histones

Question 11

Image of an individual’s complement of chromosomes arranged by size, length, shape, and centromere location.

Answer 11

Karyotype

Question 12

Chromosome involved in determining anatomical sex; member of a pair of chromosomes that differs between males and females.

Answer 12

Sex Chromosome

Question 13

Of a duplicated eukaryotic chromosome, the two identical DNA molecules attached to one another at the centromere.

Answer 13

Sister Chromatids

Question 14

Enzyme that carries out DNA synthesis during DNA replication; uses a DNA template to assemble a complementary strand of DNA.

Answer 14

DNA Polymerase

Question 15

Process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before it divides.

Answer 15

DNA Replication

Question 16

Short, single strand of DNA or RNA that serves as an attachment point for DNA polymerase.

Answer 16

Primers

Question 17

Permanent change in the DNA sequence of a chromosome.

Answer 17

Mutations

Question 18

Multistep process of converting information in a gene into an RNA or protein product.

Answer 18

Gene Expression