Mod 7- 1.1 Pathogens

Question 1

Prion

Answer 1

Proteinaceous infections particles
Abnormally folded protein which propagates by transmitting the misfiled portion state to other cellular proteins

e.g Mad cow disease

Question 2

Virus

Answer 2

Non cellular infective agent consisting of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) inside a protein coat (envelope)
Replicates inside living cells

e.g HIV, Measles

Question 3

Bacteria

Answer 3

• Single celled prokaryotic organism
• Reproduce by binary fission
• Secrete toxins, invade cells and form colonies which disrupt cell function

e.g Salmonella

Question 4

Protozoa

Answer 4

• Single celled eukaryotic organism
• Heterotrophic: absorb nutrients from hosts
• Secrete toxins, invade cells, and form colonies to disrupt cell and tissue function

e.g Malaria, Dysentery

Question 5

Fungi

Answer 5

• Eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms with cell walls
• Absorb nutrients from environment by secreting digestive enzymes
• Reproduce by spreading spores that release harmful enzymes

e.g Ringworm, Thrush

Question 6

Macro-parasite

Answer 6

• Visible with naked eye
  Ectoparasite: Lives on organism
  Endoparasite: Lives in an organism
• Invade and destroy cells, create competition for nutrients

e.g Ticks, Tapeworm

Question 7

Horizontal transmission

Answer 7

Direct contact
Indirect contact
Vector transmission
Contamination