3.1 DNA and Polypeptide Synthesis

Question 1

Define Eukaryotes

Answer 1

• Nucleus where DNA is stored
• DNA is found wound tightly around small proteins called histones
• Allows it to be condensed
  Coiled DNA forms supercoils, which are then packed together to form chromosomes
• DNA is linear

Question 2

Define Prokaryotes

Answer 2

Prokaryotic cells have free-floating, circular chromosomes, found in the cytoplasm. The DNA is not bound or packaged by proteins

they have smaller, more compact genomes, with very little repetitive DNA.

They also have small, extrachromosomal segments of DNA called plasmids - are able to be transferred between organisms to pass genetic material horizontally within generations