1.2 Fertilisation and Implantation

Question 1

What is Fertilisation

Answer 1

The fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new organism

Question 2

What is Implantation

Answer 2

When a fertilised egg adheres to the wall of the uterus

Question 3

Steps involved in fertilisation, implantation

Answer 3

1. begins with development of gametes
2. 12 - 24 hour window after release called ovulation where fertilisation can be successful
3. After fertilisation the zygote migrates from the fallopian tube
4. the now blastocyst embeds itself in the endometrium

Question 4

Define Selective breeding

Answer 4

• Farmers selectively mate plants with desirable traits
• may influence cross breeding or pure breeding
  e.g Jersey or Angus cows

Question 5

Benefits of Artificial insemination

Answer 5

1. Timing
2. Passing of favourable traits
3. Ensuring successful pregnancy increases yields

Question 6

Method of of Artificial insemination

Answer 6

1. Detection of female cows in oestrus
2. Collection of semen
3. Inseminations usually performed by an insemination gun

Question 7

Benefits of Artificial pollination

Answer 7

1. Cross breeding of favourable traits
2. Self pollination
3. Ensuring successful pollination of all plants, resulting in high crop yields

Question 8

Method of Artificial pollination

Answer 8

1. Pollen (sperm) removed from stamen of one plant
2. Pollen applied to the stigma of another plant
3. Pollen fertilises the ovum

Question 9

What are examples of genetic engineering

Answer 9

• Bt cotton - insect resistant
• Golden rice - increased nutritional value
• Strawberries - frost-resistance