mod 5 (exam 2)

Question 1

1. Holism:
2. Health:
3. Goals of holism:
4. Holistic nursing:
5. What are the 3 components of holistic nursing?

Answer 1

1. Health defined as more than the absence of disease
2. optimal wellness in all aspects of being; physical, emotional, spiritual, and relational. Gives the patient more control over own health
3. Support person’s natural healing systems, Consider the whole person, Consider the environment surrounding person.
4. nursing practice that heals the whole person
5. being with” rather than “being there” or “doing to”, Touch “caring” vs task oriented, “Listen” vs merely hearing patient

Question 2

1. What is allopathic medicine?

2. What are 3 components of allopathic medicine?

Answer 2

1. focus is on identifying and treating disease (biomedicine, Western medicine)
2. Care by physician or midlevel provider (APRN)

Drugs, surgery, procedures to treat ailments

Medical provider controls treatment.

Question 3

1. Name 9 types of therapy:

Answer 3

1. Chinese Med, Naturopathy, Homeopathy, Biologically based products, Manipulative body-based practices, Mind/Body techniques, Movement arts, Energy therapies, Other modalities

Question 4

1. Describe traditional Chinese medicine:
2. Naturopathy:
3. Homeopathy:
4. Biologically based products:
5. Manipulative body-based practices:

Answer 4

1. Evolved over thousands of years, herbs, acupuncture, balance yin/yang, and life forces
2. Healthy lifestyle, cleansing regimens. Based on healing power of nature
3. Small amounts of dilute pathogenic substances to stimulate body’s healing abilities
4. Herb, vitamins, minerals
   Probiotics, Aromatherapy and essential oils, Hydrotherapy (sauna, compresses)
5. Chiropractor, Physical therapy, Massage therapy
   Reflexology

Question 5

1. Describe energy therapies:

Answer 5

1. Acupressure:
   Stimulation of meridian points

Acupuncture: Stimulation of precise mapped points on the skins surface. Uses fine needles, laser, electrostimulation

Reflexology:
Pressure points correspond to organs of the body

Reiki: Spiritually guided life force energy in which practitioner uses their hands to guide energy

Question 6

1. Movement arts:

Answer 6

1. Qigong (Chinese):
   Relaxed movement with meditation, controlled breathing to move qi energy and increase vital energy

Tai chi (from Chinese martial art): Combined physical movement, breath control, meditation, Sequence of poses flows in unbroken rhythm to balance energy flow

Yoga: many forms
Involves positions and breath control, Dance therapy, Mind and body move in response to music

Question 7

1. Mind and body techniques and practice

2. other modalities:

Answer 7

1. Guided imagery, Meditation, Biofeedback, Hypnosis, Cognitive behavior techniques to reframe thinking
2. Prayer and distant healing, Pet therapy, Music therapy

Question 8

1. • 4. name the 4 big categories of improvement that physical exercise causes:

Answer 8

1. flexibility, muscle strength, endurance
2. Mood/mental
3. Increases the efficiency of the heart, bone density, weight loss and maintenance of healthy weight
4. Prevents disease

Question 9

1. Of the Healthy People 2020 Objectives, how many goals were related to physical activity and fitness?
2. By 2013, how many goals moved towards their objectives? Give examples:
3. How many objectives moves away from their goals? Give examples:

Answer 9

1. 15
2. 7 goals. Ex: older people reported more aerobic physical etc.
3. 3 moved away. Ex: increased screen time for children ages 2-5. Fewer adolescents doing P.E. at school.

Question 10

1. • 5. Give the numbers for BMI categories:

Answer 10

1. underweight: <18.5kg/m^2
2. normal: 19-24.9kg/m^2
3. Overweight: 25 – 29.9
4. Obese: 30-39.9
5. Morbidly Obese: 40 or higher

Question 11

1. • 3. What are 3 benefits of exercise to the aging population?
2. • 6. What are 3 benefits of exercise to the diabetic population?

Answer 11

1. improves independence
2. Decreases falls, injuries, osteoporosis, obesity
3. Improves lipid levels, insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular health
4. Improves metabolic functions and weight loss/control
5. Improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity
6. Important to monitor blood glucose (exercise lowers blood glucose)

Question 12

1. • 4. Name 3 benefits of exercise for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
2. -7. Benefits of exercise on obesity:

Answer 12

1. Both primary and secondary prevention
2. Decreased risk of having heart attack and better survival
3. Lowers cholesterol, blood pressure, obesity
4. Improves control of blood glucose, platelet function
5. Increases metabolic rate and efficiency
6. increases and maintains lean body mass
7. Alternative to stress eating

Question 13

1. Name a benefit of exercise on osteoporosis:

2. Name 2 benefits of exercise on Arthritis / Low Back Pain

Answer 13

1. Increases bone mass
2. Improves joint function/range of motion (vertebrae and disc health need movement), Reduces pain, Decreases bone mass loss, and less risk of chronic disease

Question 14

1. • 3. Name 3 benefits of Exercise and Immune Function

4. -5. Name 2 benefits of exercise on mental health:

Answer 14

1. Stimulate immune system (decrease infection)
2. Protective effect in some cancers
3. J curve: less risk of upper respiratory tract infection
4. Prevents and treats mental disorders
5. Increases self esteem, more positive outlook on life, feel better mentally and physically

Question 15

1. How many times per week should we exercise (frequency)
2. At what intensity?
3. How long should each session be?
4. What type of exercise(s):

FITT important card here

Answer 15

1. Frequency = Aerobic exercise 3-5 times/week; Resistance training 2-3 times/week
2. Intensity = Moderate to rigorous; Resistance exercise 8-12 repetitions
3. Time = 20-60 min. plus warm up/cool down; 15-30 minutes series resistance
4. Type = aerobic; resistance training

Question 16

1. Describe aerobic exercise:
2. describe flexibility:
3. repetitive movement against a resistance to maintain lean muscle mass is called ………… ……….. .
4. Definition: any activity that breaks down glucose for energy without using oxygen is called ………….. ………….. Weight training, strenuous sit-ups, sprinting are examples.

Answer 16

1. activity in which muscles have enough oxygen to produce the energy to perform. Ex jogging, biking swimming
2. Stretching exercises to improve range of motion (ROM)
3. resistance training
4. anaerobic exercise

Question 17

1. • 3. Give 3 examples of how we can make a behavior change into a habit:
2. How should we drink fluids?
3. -6. two methods of relaxation response.

Answer 17

1. create a lifestyle that improves a sense of meaning and purpose
2. Access to available, age-appropriate, and safe resources
3. Supportive family and friends
4. 4 hrs before exercise, each 15 min during exercise, 15 min before and after exercise
5. Controlled breathing, meditation, imagery, mindfulness, yoga
6. Nonjudgmental attitude and repetitive activity (breath, mantra, movement)

Question 18

1. What percentage of the body is composed of fat for men and women?
2. What other factors might effect one’s body weight?
3. Homes, school, workplace, recreational facilities are examples of ……………. …………..
4. Health care system, government policies, Covid-19 restrictions are examples of ………….. ………… .
5. Cultural groups, belief systems, religion, lifestyles are examples of ……………… …………. ……………

Answer 18

1. men 15-20% women 25-30%
2. genetics, age, ethnicity, psychosocial status, knowledge and skills, disability/illness
3. environmental settings
4. sectors of influence
5. social cultural norms and values

Question 19

1. Which 2 hormones regulate body fat, and how?
2. Letting hunger and satiety guide eating is the body’s way of defending one’s ….. ………. for weight.
3. How can one minimize the use of food for emotional needs?
4. What are some strategies to eat appropriately?
5. T or F, Energy expenditure should be greater than intake of food?

Answer 19

1. Leptin: inhibits food intake. Ghrelin: Increases food intake
2. set point
3. awareness of emotional eating, imagine self thin, have support system, enjoy eating.
4. Plan ahead, eat regular meals at regular times, intake should be based on hunger, achieve weight loss in small changes.
5. T.

Question 20

1. Do nurses create athletic diets?
2. For athletes, is food intake based on matching energy expenditures and maintaining glycogen stores?
3. When does carb loading occur?
4. T or F, Sports drinks with carbs and electrolytes are most helpful for prolonged, heavy exercise (> 90 minutes)?
5. In which type of sports are vitamin and mineral supplements more important?

Answer 20

1. No.
2. yes
3. before athletic events
4. T
5. Sports like gymnastics, ice skating, and running that limit food intake.