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Health 299 > exam 5 > Flashcards

exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is the age group for young adults?
  2. Young adulthood is the …………… period, …………. muscle strength, manual ………….. peaks.
  3. Greater complexity of ……………….; more organized ……………/…………. . development
  4. ………………. resources very popular with young adults
  5. Full growth: Women: Age ….; men age ….
  6. Which sex seeks greater healthcare?
A
  1. 25-30
  2. Healthiest, optimal, dexterity
  3. thinking, emotional/cognitive
  4. Self-help
  5. 17, 21
  6. women
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2
Q
  1. In order to maximize health status, what should be done?
  2. At what age should a full health appraisal be performed? Then how often should that be repeated?
  3. What type of screenings should be performed?
  4. Over age 25 should begin to focus on …….. risk factors. Name 5 of these factors:
  5. What is still happening in the lives of young adults (as far as risks)?
  6. What are leading causes of death in young adults?
  7. What illnesses should be screened for?
  8. What immunizations should happen?
A
  1. detect problems early
  2. Age 18: Every 2 years
  3. testicular examination, PAP smear
  4. coronary. Cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, metabolic syndrome
  5. Risk-taking behavior still prevalent
  6. unintentional injuries (car accidents), homicide, suicide
  7. STI’s HIV, TB
  8. rubella, HPV (women), hepatitis B
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3
Q
  1. Energy = ………… kcal for men, Protein = ……….. for men. After age ……., calcium and phosphorus needs decrease
  2. Energy = ……. kcal for women, Protein = ………… for women. Maintaining ……….. and ………. intakes continues
  3. What happens to basal metabolic rate in obesity?
    What are contributing factors to obesity?
  4. How do we assess obesity?
  5. Name a few nutritional deficiencies in young adults:
A
  1. 2900, 58 to 63 g, 18
  2. 2200, 46 to 50 g, calcium and iron
  3. It declines. Increasing portion size, “eating out,” sedentary lifestyles
  4. BMI, waist circumference, BP, cholesterol
  5. Iron, folic acid, calcium
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4
Q
  1. T or F, Eating disorders may persist? Which ones?
  2. Name 3 common elimination complaints of young adults:
  3. Aerobic exercise of moderate intensity for … minutes, … days per week.
  4. What are some barriers to exercise in young adults?
A
  1. T, Anorexia, bulimia
  2. Constipation, Hemorrhoids, Occasional diarrhea
  3. 30, 5
  4. lack of time, access to facilities, safe environments
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5
Q
  1. Young adults are in Piaget’s …………… ………….. stage. This involves an analysis of all ……………… of ………….. and constructs ……………. ; more perceptive and …………… .
  2. In which decade of life do recall performance and memory peak?
  3. Young adults are in which of Erikson’s stages? In this stage the person feels an increased sense of ……………/………… …………. . What do people of this age learn to develop? What does this require?
  4. In what stage of Kohlberg are young adults? In this stage we define rights and morality in terms of ………… ……………… .
A
  1. formal operations. combinations of possibilities, hypotheses, insightful.
  2. in the 20’s.
  3. intimacy vs. isolation, confidence/self-esteem. Reciprocal intimate relationships. Requires mutual trust.
  4. Post conventional (moral reasoning). Self-chosen principles.
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6
Q
  1. What % of young adult couples experience infertility?At what age does this percentage increase?
  2. Name 4 male issues that affect fertility:
  3. What percentage of pregnancies are unintended? What percentage of unintended pregnancies happen because of contraception failure?
  4. Teen birth rate has …………… 30% in the past decade
  5. Screening for which STI is reccommended in young adults?
  6. T or F, multiple STI’s increases risk for HIV?
A
  1. 10-15%. Increases >25 years
  2. orchitis, epididymitis, varicoceles, hydroceles
  3. 50%. 50%
  4. decreased
  5. Chlamydia
  6. T
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7
Q
  1. What is one of the leading causes of death in young adults? Why?
  2. Which sex attempts more suicide? Which sex succeeds more often?
  3. T or F, often young adults work in hazardous jobs
  4. What is the leading cause of death? What is the leading cause of preventable death?
  5. What is one hazard that young adults expose themselves to (think about music and concerts)?
A
  1. suicide. unable to cope with stressful circumstances or events - achievement stress
  2. female, male
  3. T
  4. Car accidents. Tobacco use
  5. loud noise - causes hearing loss
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8
Q
  1. Name 2 obstacles for young adults to get health care:
  2. Health care is based on the ………….. belief . Does this pose a problem for other cultures? What could help?
  3. What are the goals of the nurse in caring for young adults?
A
  1. transportation and health insurance
  2. western. yes. identifying culturally influenced health behaviors and culturally acceptable interventions
  3. maintaining optimal physical conditions, encouraging healthy habits, screening for disease, and treating illnesses
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9
Q
  1. What is the age range for Middle age adults?
  2. What are some of the physical changes that middle adults go thru?
  3. What is the leading cause of death of middle adults?
  4. What are the common health concerns of middle adults (7)?
A
  1. 35-65
  2. Thinning, graying hair, skin drier, wrinkles, coarsening facial features, Fat disposition, decreased muscle mass/bone density, osteoarthritis, Hormonal changes, decreased kidney nephrons
  3. first is cancer. Second is heart disease
  4. • Kyphosis: angulation of posterior spine
    • Osteoarthritis: degenerative joint disease
    • Osteopenia: subnormal bone mineralization
    • Osteoporosis: abnormal loss of bone density
    • Constipation: decreased stool frequency
    • Menopause: cessation of menses
    • Erectile dysfunction in males
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10
Q
  1. Which sex has the higher mortality rate?
  2. What are the life expectancies?
  3. Do married people generally have better health?
  4. Which races have higher probability of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and HIV?
  5. Middle adults are at higher risk for …………… -associated conditions like, breast cancer, diabetes, hypertension, alcoholism, gout, obesity, heart
A
  1. men (heart disease leads)
  2. women: 80.4 and men: 75.2
  3. yes
  4. blacks, latinos
  5. genetic
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11
Q
  1. After age 50, energy requirements lower to …….. cal for men, and ……….. cal for women.
  2. after menopause, …………. decreases to 8 mg for women
  3. Total cholesterol should be no more than ………. mg/dL
  4. how much calcium do middle adults need?
  5. Moderate drinking: ≤ … for women, ≤ …. for men
A
  1. 2300, 1920
  2. iron
  3. 200
  4. 1000mg, 1500mg for postmenopausal
  5. 1 drink/day for women, 2 drinks/day men
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12
Q
  1. name 2 elimination problems of middle adults:
  2. What does exercise prevent or manage?
  3. How much exercise do middle adults need?
  4. Compared to younger adults, middle adults need …….. sleep. They spend less time in ……. sleep
  5. What is a common sleep disorder?
A
  1. constipation and stress incontinence
  2. chronic illness (heart, diabetes, osteoporosis, depression, cancer). • Significant increase in life expectancy/quality of life
  3. 30 min 5 or more days per week or walking, jogging, continuous rhythmic exercises
  4. less, deep
  5. sleep apnea
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13
Q
  1. T or F, learning continues through life? Do adults continue to accumulate “learning” intelligence?
  2. What stage of Piaget are middle adults? What types of thought processes are involved?
  3. What are Bloom’s hierarchy of cognitive levels of the adult learner?
  4. What factors maintain cognitive function?
A
  1. T. Yes
  2. Formal operations
  3. complex problems of reasoning
  4. (1) knowledge, (2) comprehension, (3) application, (4) analysis, (5) synthesis and evaluation
  5. being involved, absence of chronic disease, flexibility, family, complexity, favorable SES, personal satisfaction, spouse with high cognitive function
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14
Q

Define the following:

  1. Presbyopia
  2. Glaucoma
  3. Cataracts:
  4. Presbycusis:
  5. Macular degeneration:
  6. What happens to vision and taste when we age?
A
  1. farsightedness
  2. increased intraocular pressure
  3. opacity of lens
  4. loss of higher frequency hearing
  5. deterioration of retina
  6. less visual sensitivity and peripheral vision, and diminished taste
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15
Q
  1. In which of Erikson’s stages are middle adults?
  2. What is generativity?
  3. What is stagnation?
A
  1. generativity vs. stagnation
  2. sense of productivity, creativity, caring for others
  3. lack of accomplishment, self-absorption
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16
Q
  1. What are the side effects of menopause?
  2. What types of responsibilities can fall on middle adults?
  3. …………. plays major role in level of wellness, self-esteem. There are over ………………….. work-related injuries yearly
  4. Why do we refer to middle adults as the “sandwich generation”?
A
  1. Mood swings, nervousness, fatigue, depression
  2. • Children, aging parents, job, and civic responsibilities
    • Single parent families, adult children at home
    • Over-involvement with children’s activities
  3. work, 10 million
  4. they take care of their children and their aging parents
17
Q
  1. What percentage of unintended pregnancies happen in perimenopause?
  2. pregnancies in perimenopause carry what problems?
  3. Name the physiological sexual changes that occur in middle adulthood:
  4. Name the cultural belief that makes middle age hard on women:
  5. What types of sexual dysfunction do men go thru?
  6. What types of sexual dysfunctions do women go thru?
  7. HPV—causes …..% cervical cancers
  8. HIV/AIDS—adults >50 are referred to as the ………. ……… ……… . Why?
A
  1. 77%
  2. Higher risk of maternal death, fetal complications
  3. Slower arousal, orgasms less intense, long refractory between erection and ejaculation, vaginal dryness, decreased libido
  4. value on youth and beauty
  5. impotence, premature ejaculation, retrograde ejaculation
  6. abnormal genital bleeding and secondary amenorrhea
  7. 90%
  8. “hidden” risk group. Less knowledgeable & less likely to discuss sexual behavior with provider
18
Q
  1. What is the Framingham study?
  2. What is examined in middle age moral transitions/
  3. Erikson sees what quality as a middle-age adult virtue and is part of “generativity”?
  4. What Kohlberg phases are middle adults in?
  5. What are the gender differences in moral development between men and women?
A
  1. worry, conflict, anger, ambitiousness affect BP
  2. valuing others, having relationships, and responsibilities
  3. caring
  4. conventional and post conventional
  5. • Women: Selfishness vs responsibility, avoid hurting others
    • Men: justice, fairness, rights of individuals
19
Q
  1. In middle adults, what could cause cancer?
  2. name 2 pollutants in water:
  3. name air pollutants
  4. ……… pollution is an ………. hazard that potentiates hearing loss
A
  1. ionizing radiation from previous medical diagnostic tests
  2. benzene and chlordane
  3. Auto emissions, burning fuels, industry
  4. noise, occupational
20
Q
  1. What kind of illnesses are transmitted thru air, food, and water?
  2. Tobacco: Middle age: may have …….. packs per year history. How many chemicals are in cigarettes? Name a few:
  3. Name 2 workplace contaminents and what they can cause:
A
  1. • Hepatitis A: fecal-oral route, poor sanitation
    • Hepatitis B
    • Pneumonia: vaccine available
    • Herpes zoster (Shingles) vaccine available
  2. 30+, 2000, tar, cyanide, formaldehyde
  3. • Pneumoconiosis—black lung disease (coal)
    • Asbestos: mesothelioma
21
Q
  1. For middle adults, net income may be at …………. level, but there are also …………. financial responsibilities
  2. Name 2 voluntary health care agencies:
  3. Which race has lowest level of insured population?
  4. Organizational health-promotion programs lasting how long are most effective?
A
  1. highest, greater
  2. American Cancer Society, and American Lung Association
  3. Hispanic
  4. 8-12 weeks

Health 299 (7 decks)

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