Mod 5: Early Childhood Flashcards
children grow about ˍˍˍˍinches and ˍˍˍ-ˍˍˍˍ lbs each year from 2-6yo
3; 4-5
the average 3 year old has a large ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍand ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, and shortˍˍˍˍˍˍˍand ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
head;stomach;legs;arms
around ˍˍˍˍ the proportions are more like an adults
6
synaptic pruning is loss of ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ synapses
unused
myelination and synaptic pruning ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ in early childhood
increase
ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ hemisphere increases in activity between 3 and 6
left
ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ has growth between 3 and 6
corpus callosum
children are attracted to ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ and ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
motion;song
an example of fine motor skills being refined
pouring water into containers
ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ dimension of sexual arousal may be present from birth
phsyical
sexuality begins as a response to ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ states and ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
phsyical;sensation
child’s ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ willbe challenged, expanded, and rearraged
existing schema
stage of piaget’s theory that occurs in early childhood
2nd: preoperational
pretend play is believed to help ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ new schema
soldify
egocentrism
young people tend to think everyone sees things the way they do
in precausual thinking, children use ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ to explain ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍˍ relationships
existing ideas;cause and effect
animism
belief that inanimate objects are capable of options
artificialism
environmental characteristics attributed to human actions or interventions
trandsductive reasoning
child fails to understand true cause-and-effect relationships
centration
focusing all attention on one dimension of a suitation
consevation
awareness that altering a substances appearance does not change its basic properties
irreversibility
difficult mentally reversing a sequence of events
understanding that the mind hold’s people’s beliefs, desires, emotions, and intentions
theory of mind
theory of mind allows children to understand that people think differently, have different preferences, and wear masks at age
4
from 2 years old to 6, vocabulary expands from ˍˍˍˍˍ to over ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ words
200;10,000
words learnedby making connections between new words and known concepts
fast mapping
range of material a child is ready to learn if proper support and guidance is given
zone of proximal development
who hyposthetized zone of proximal development
zygotsky
ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ is important for language development
active participation
guide provides needed assistance to child as a new skill is learned
scaffolding
piaget viewed private speech as
egocentric speech
vygotsky viewed private speech as
a way to solve problems or clarify
idea of who we are, what we are capable of doing, and how we think or feel
self concept
cooley suggested self concept comes from ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
looking at how others respond to us
looking at how others seem to view us
looking glass self
mead’s “i”
spontaneous, creative, innate
meads “me”
social definition of who we are
how we develop a social sense of self by being able to see self through the eyes of others
mead’s i and me
preschools like to ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ their qualities
exaggerate
exaggerated sense of sense tends to be replaced with more realistic sense of sense in ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
middle childhood
ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ of self control are in early childhood
beginnings
in freud’s theory, children pass through the ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ and ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ during middle childhood
anal;phallic
pretend play is a good way to express ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, and ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
thoughts;emotions;fears;anxieties
during unoccupied play child is ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ playing, ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, and may make ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ movements
not;standing in one spot;random
in solidarity or independent play, child is ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ on activity, and ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ in others
alone, focuses, uninterested
solidarity play is common in ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
younger children
during onlooker play, child ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ others play but ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, may engage in ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ
watches; doesn’t join; social interaction
in parallel or adjacent play, the child plays ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ others, but ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ, this is a ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ stage
next to;separately;transitory
