Mod 4 - Psychotherapeutic Meds Flashcards by B Perry

what is a chemical synapse?

a connection between 2 neurons or neuron and target, where a neurotransmitter diffuses across a very short distance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is a electrical synapse

a connection between 2 neurons or a neuron and target, where ions flow directly through channels spanning their adjacent cell membranes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does the thalamus do

acts as a relay for sensory pathways

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the fn of norepi

fight or flight

abnormal levels = depression, decreased alertness, dec. interest, palpitations, anxiety and panic attacks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the fn of dopamine

linked to motor and cognition

abnormal levels = ADHD, paranoia, schizophrenia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the fns of serotonin

many body processes (sleep, libido, mood, temp regulation)

abnormal = depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, body disorders

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the fns of GABA

inhibitory, assists with communication in the brain

low levels = anxiety, seizures, mania, impulse control

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the fns of glutamate

excitatory

works with GABA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are S+S of anxiety

aches/pains (stomach, body, head)
inc. HR
trembling 
sweating
difficulty concentrating
inc. agitation
crying

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

depression S+S

sleep dec
interest dec
guilt
energy dec
concentration difficulties
appetite/weight changes
psychomotor agitation/retardation
suicidal ideation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bipolar S+S

rapid speech
hyperactivity
reduced need for sleep
flight of ideas
grandiosity
poor judgement
aggression
risky sexual behaviour
neglect basic self care
dec impulse control

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are some positive symptoms of schizophrenia

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized thinking and behaviour

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are some neg symptoms of schizophrenia

apathy
lack of motivation
blunted affect
poverty of speech
anhedonia (lack of interest in activities once enjoyed)
avoidance of relationships

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are some cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia

poor decision making
loss of memory
distracted
difficulty focusing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are some S+S of ADHD

hyperactivity
inability to conc
difficulty with self-control
lack of emotional control

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are psychotherapeutic medications used for

to stimulate or depress neurotransmitter effects (fix the balance), can potential or block the activity of NT

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what class is fluoxentine

SSRI (antidepressant)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the uses of fluoxetine

depression, OCD

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the action of fluoxetine

inhibit reuptake of serotonin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the OE of fluoxetine

SS, NMS, manic symp, insomnia, inc. risk suicide, sexual dysfunction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are some nursing considerations of fluoxetine

do not stop abruptly, 12 wk before therapeutic effect, monitor mood changes, monitor for NMS and SS, give in the morning to lower chance on insomnia, grapefruit juice avoid

what class is venlafaxine

SNRI (antidepressant)

what are the uses of venlafaxine

MDD, GAD

what is the action of venlafaxine

inhibit the reuptake of norepi and serotonin

what are the OE of venlafaxine

``` inc suicidality SS NMS inc BP headache anxiety insomnia dec. app. agitation restlessness sexual dysfunction ```

what are the nursing considerations for venlafaxine

assess SI, app., SS, NMS administer with food to dec. GI upset, do not stop abruptly takes up to 8 wk for effect

lithium class

antimania

lithium use

acute mania and bipolar 1

lithium action

alters sodium transport in nerve and muscle cells, effects a shift toward intraneuronal metabolism of catecholamine (sodium = important with electrical stimulation of cells)

lithium OE

toxicity (hyponatremia, tremor, cardiac arrhythmia, polyuria, thirst, seizures)

lithium nursing considerations

``` therapeutic range = 0.8-1.2 mEq/L administer with food monitor serum levels assess mental status intake/output ratio regular blood work maintain hydration and Na+ ```

lorazepam class

benzodiazepine

lorazepam uses

anxiety disorders, epileptics

lorazepam action

bind to specific GABA receptors to potentiate GABA effects

lorazepam OE

sedation dec. alertness respiratory depression constipation

lorazepam nursing considerations

prolonged treatment leads to dependance, avoid alcohol for 24-48 hr after, drowsiness and driving, do not stop abruptly, antidote = flumazenil (higher affinity)

haloperidol class

1st gen antipsychotic (conventional)

haloperidol uses

schizophrenia

haloperidol action

block dopamine receptors in the CNS (limbic system, basal ganglia)

haloperidol OE

``` EPS (akathisia, acute dystonia, NMS, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism) NMS sedation hypotension dry mouth ```

haloperidol nursing considerations

drowsiness and driving alcohol NMS monitor change position slowly

Risperidone class

2nd gen antipsychotic (atypical)

Risperidone uses

schizophrenia, also manic episodes, and irritability in autism

Risperidone action

block dopamine receptors in the CNS

Risperidone OE

NMS, seizures, EPS, insomnia, headache, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, hypotension

Risperidone nursing considerations

drowsiness and driving alcohol monitor SI, NMS change position slowly

Benzotropine class

anticholinergic

Benzotropine uses

manage EPS

Benzotropine action

block excitatory cholinergic pathways, restores dopamine/acetylcholine balance

Benzotropine OE

dry eyes, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, dilated pupils, hypotension

Benzotropine nursing considerations

``` do not stop abruptly drowsiness and driving change position slowly eye drops, pee then dose fluids, fiber, ambulation, laxatives suglasses candies/water ```