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MOD 4 Male Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

genitourinary

A

genit/o– genitalia
urin/o– urine; urinary system
-ary– pertaining to

includes both the external and internal genitalia

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2
Q

gonads

A

gon/o– seed (ovum or spermatozoon)
-ad– pertaining to

Testes are the gonads, or SEX GLANDS in a male. In a woman, it is the ovaries.

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3
Q

perinuem

A

the area on the outside of the body between the anus and scrotum.

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4
Q

combining forms for the testicle

A
  1. testicul/o-
  2. didym/o-
  3. orchi/o-
  4. orch/o-
  5. test/o-
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5
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

semin/i– spermatozoon; sperm
fer/o– to bear
-ous– pertianing to

tightly coiled tubules that produce spermatozoa or sperm

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6
Q

spermatozoa

A

sper-mah-toh-ZOH-ah

spermat/o– perm
-zoon– animal

Just means “sperm”

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7
Q

interstitial cells

A

interstiti-/o– spaces within tissue
-al– pertaining to

secrete the hormone testostrone

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8
Q

testosterone

A

most abundant and biologically active of all the male sex hormones

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9
Q

lumen

A

matured sperm are continuously released into the lumen, which is the internal opening of the seminiferous tubules and carried by fluid into the epididymis

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10
Q

epididymis

A

long (20ft) , coiled tube that is attached to the outer wall of each testis.

epi– upon
-didymis– testes (twin structures)

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11
Q

inguinal

A

ING-gwih-nal

inguin/o– groin
-al– pertaining to

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12
Q

vas deferens

or

ductus deferens

A

VAS DEF-er-enz

a long duct that receives spermatozoa from the epididymis.

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13
Q

seminal vesicles

A

two elongated glands that form a V. They produce seminal fluid, which makes up most of the volume of semen.

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14
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

large collecting duct that holds sperms from each vas deferns and seminal fluid from the seminal vesicles.

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15
Q

prostate gland

A

round gland at the base of the bladder. not a part of the urinary system. It produces prostatic fluid.

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16
Q

prostatic fluid

A

milky substance that makes up some of the volume of semen. It contains an antibiotic substance that kills bacteria in the woman’s vagnia. It also carries substances that activates the ezymes in the head of sperm so that it can penetrate the woman’s ovum to fertilize it.

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17
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

bul-oh-yoo-REE-thral

bulb/o– like a bulb
urethro/o– urethra
-al– pertaining to

about the size of peas that are located on either side of the urethra. They produce thick mucus that makes up some of the volume of semen and neutralizes the acidity of any urine remaining in the urethra at the tiem of ejactulation.

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18
Q

balan/o-

A

means “glans penis”

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19
Q

corpora cavernosa

A

erectile tissue that is located along the upper surface of the penis

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20
Q

corpus spongiosum

A

Centered along the UNDERSIDE of the penis. The urethra is located within the corpus spongiosum.

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21
Q

adolesc/o–

A

the beginning of being an adult.

“adolescence”

suffix “-ence”– means “state of”

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22
Q

puberty

A

puber/o- growing up
-ty– quality or state

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23
Q

FSH

A

Follicle-stiumlating hormone

causes the seminiferous tubles to enlarge. Because these tubles make 80% of each testis, the testes themselves enlarge significantly during puberty.

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24
Q

spermatocyte

A

SPER-mah-toh-site

immature sperms. Each cell contains 46 at first, but then narrow down to 23.

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25
LH
luteinizing hormone LOO-tee-ih-ny-zing
26
number of sperm in semen
100-500 MILLION sperms!
27
ejaculat/o--
to expel suddenly Ejaculatory -ory--having the function of
28
coitus
same as "sexual intercourse"
29
pareun/o- or venere/o--
also mean "sexual intercourse" such as "veneral disease"
30
scrot/o--
a bag. scrotum
31
cryptorchism
crypt/o-- hidden orch/o-- testis -ism-- process; disease from a specific cause failure of one or both testicles to descend. This causes low sperm count and male infertility.
32
epididymitis
inflammation and infection of the epididymis. caused by bacterial urinary tract infection epi-- upon didym/o-- testes -itis-- inflammation
33
infertility
in-- not fertil/o-- able to conceive a child -ity-- state; condition may be caused by hormone imbalance of FSH or LH, or other reasons
34
oligospermia
olig/o-- scanty; few sperm/o-- sperm -ia-- condition; state; thing fewer than the normal number of sperm are prdocued by the testes.
35
orchitis
inflammation or infection of the testes. Caused by bacteria, the mumps virus, or trauma. orch/o-- testis
36
seminoma
testicular cancer
37
varicocele
varicose vein in the spermatic cord to the testis varic/o-- varix; varicose vein -cele-- hernia
38
BPH
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy hyper--above, more than normal -trophy-- process of development Gradual enlargement of the prostate gland that normally occurs as a man ages. The enlarged prostate gland compresses the urethra and causes the bladder to retain urine. This causes hesitancy and dribbling on urination and a narrowed caliber of the urine stream.
39
cancer of the prostate gland
most common cancer in men. Few early symptom because it grows slowly. Later, the cancer makes the prostate feel hard.
40
malignancy
malign/o-- intentionally causing harm; cancer -ancy-- state of
41
prostatitis
acute or chronic bacterial infection of the prostate gland. Caused by urinary tract infection or STDs
42
balanitis
balan/o-- glans penis inflammation and infection of the glans penis caused by a bacterium, virus, yeast, or fungus.
43
chordee
downward curvature of the penis during an erection.
44
dyspareunia
dis-pah-ROO-nee-ah dys-- painful pareun/o-- sexual intercourse -ia-- condition; state; thing Painful or difficult sexual intercourse pain or postcoital pain
45
postcoiital
post-after; behind coit-/o-- sexual intercourse -al-- pertainig to After sex
46
phimosis
congenital condition in which the opening of the foreskin is too small to allow the foreskin to pull back over the glans penis.
47
smegma
white, cheesy discharge of skin cells and oils and can cause infection
48
premature ejaculation
ejaculation of semen that ofen occurs with minimal stimulation and before the penis becomes fully erect to penetrate the vagina.
49
pirapism
PRY-ah-pizm priamp/o-- persistent erection -ism-- process; disease continuing erection fo the penis with pain and tenderness. Caused by spinal cord injury or side effect of drugs used to treat ED
50
acid phosphatase
tests for an enzyme found in the prostate gland. Increase levels in the blood indicate cancer of the prostate that has metastasized to the body.
51
PAP
Prostatic acid phosphatase only measures acid phosphatase from the prostate gland.
52
hormone testing
determines the levels of FSH and LH from the anerior pituitary gland and testosterones. used to diagnose infertitily problems
53
PSA
prostate-specific antigen anti-against -gen-- that which produces (genesis) detects glycoprotein in cells of the prostate gland. PSA is increased in men with prostate cancer. the higher the level, the more advanced the cancer.
54
RPR
Rapid Plasma Reagin blood test for syphilis
55
VDRL
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory blood test for syphilis
56
FTA-ABS
Flourescent-Treponemal Antibody aBSorption blood test for syphilis
57
test used in rape investigations
If presence of acid phosphatase in the vagina is found, this indicates sexual intercourse has occured.
58
normal sperm count
greater than 50million/mL
59
motility
motil/o- movement -ity-- state; condition forward movement of sperm
60
morphology
normal shape of sperm morph/o-- SHAPE, not change
61
aspermia
a-- without sperm/o-- sperm -ia-- condition A semen analysis is done after a vasectomy to verify aspermia and a successful sterilization.
62
ProstaScint scan
Procedure that uses ProstaScint to detect areas of metastasis from a primary site of prostate cancer.
63
TRUS
Transrectal Ultrasonography uses an ultrasound probe inserted into the rectum to obtain an image of the prostate gland
64
DRE
Digital Rectal Examination digit/o-- digit (finger/toes) -al-- pertaining to procedure to palpate the prostate gland. Gloved finger is inserted into rectum to feel the prostate gland for signs of tenderness, nodules, hardness, or enlargement. Should be done yearly in men over 40.
65
newborn genital exam
examined for any sign of abnormal position of the urethral meatus or undescended testicles.
66
TSE
testicular self-examination should be done monthly to detect early signs of testicular cancer
67
biopsy
to remove tissue from prostate gland to diagnose prostate cancer. inserted thru rectum or urethra.
68
fine-needle aspiration biopsy
aspir/o-- to breathe in; suck in -ation-- a process performed to investigate low sperm count. a thin needle is inserted and a syringe is used to aspirate tissue.
69
incisional biopsy
aka: open biopsy. performed when a mass is felt in a testis
70
circumcision
circum-- around cis/o-- cut -ion-- action; condition procedure to remove the foreskin. This can be done to correct a tight prepuce and allow better hygiene of the glans penis.
71
orchiectomy
or-kee-EK-toh-mee procedure to remove a testis because of testicular cancer
72
orchiopexy
-pexy-- process of surgically fixing in place procedure to reposition an undescended testicle and fix it within the scrotum
73
penile implant
procedure to implan an inflatable penile prosthesis for patients with ED
74
prostatectomy
procedure to remove the entire prostate gland along with the lymph nodes and stuff due to prostate cancer
75
TURP
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate trans-- across; through urethr/o-- urethra -al-- pertaining to resect/o-- to cut out and remove -ion-- action; condition Procedure to reduce the size of the prostate gland in patiens with benign prostatic hypertrophy. TUPR is the most common surgical treatment for a moderatly to severely enlarged prostate gland.
76
resectoscope
resect/o-- to cut out; remove -scope-- instrument used to examine Used in TURP
77
PVP
Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate Uses laser to treat enlarged prostate gland.
78
HoLAP
Holmium Laser Ablation of the Prostate Both HoLAP and PVP get same result as TURP but with less bleeding.
79
TUMT
transurethral microwave therapy uses microwave antenna to destroy prostatic tissue
80
TUNA
Transurethral needle ablation ablat/o-- take away; destroy uses resectoscope to place needles in the prostate gland to destroy prostatic tissue with radio waves and heat
81
vasectomy
vas/o-- blood vessel; vas deferens -ectomy-- surgical excision procedure in the male to prevent pregnancy in the female. both vas deferens are divided, length of each tube is removed, and the cut ends are sutured and crushed or destroyed. spermatozoa are still produced, but are absorbed back into the body.
82
vasovasostomy
vay-soh-vah-SAWS-toh-mee reversal of a vasectomy. cut ends are rejoined
83
HPV
human papillomavirus

Medical Terms (11 decks)

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