Medical Terms Final Exam Review Flashcards
1
Q
A varicocele can be the cause of:
A
Infertility
2
Q
The condition ________ may be found in a diabetic patient who metabolizes fats instead of glucose for energy
A
Ketonuria
3
Q
Drugs such as tolterodine (Detrol) that decrease the contractions of smooth muscle are helpful in treating:
A
Overactive bladder
4
Q
An example of exfoliative cytology would be a:
A
Pap smear of broonchial washings for suspected lung cancer. Exfoliation involves shedding of cells. The Pap smear examines cells that are shed from the mucous membrane.
5
Q
An elevated level of ________ in the blood can point to liver cancer.
A
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)
6
Q
Any type of difficult or abnormal labor and delivery is known as:
A
Dystocia. Correct! Dys- means painful, difficult, or abnormal, and toc/o- means childbirth or labor
7
Q
Which of these surgical procedures is done to treat cancer?
A
prostatectomy
8
Q
The medical word patent means
A
open
9
Q
A medical procedure used to feel the prostate gland to detect enlargement or tenderness is abbreviated as:
A
TURP
10
Q
Braxton Hicks refers to…
A
False labor pains
11
Q
The inability to voluntarily retain urine is…
A
Incontinence
12
Q
Decreased levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin may cause…
A
Depression
13
Q
An abnormal, downward curvature of the penis is known as
A
Chordee
14
Q
All of the following radiologic tests expose the patient to radiation except:
A
Ultrasonography, which uses sound waves
15
Q
In which renal disease do substances from the immune response to streptococcus bacteria collect in the capillary network of the nephron?
A
glomerulonephritis. Antigen-antibody complexes from the immune response clog the glomeruli.
16
Q
A patient with which metal object in the body will not be able to have an MRI because the object will be dislodged?
A
cochlear implant
17
Q
Mary McLaughlin’s breast cancer is staged as: T3 N1 M0. This means that:
A
she has a large tumor that has spread to a lymph node but not to other organs.
18
Q
PID is:
A
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. an infection of the internal female reproductive organs.
19
Q
Without therapy, a person with impulse control disorder and trichotillomania will eventually become:
A
Bald
20
Q
What is considered to be a screening test and NOT a diagnostic test?
A
Electron beam tomography
21
Q
Which diagnostic test of the urinary system uses contrast dye injected into the ureters through a catheter in the bladder?
A
Retrograde pyelography
22
Q
An inguinal hernia would appear in the area of the:
A
groin
23
Q
Which of the following is an x-ray of the urinary system that uses contrast dye?
A
IVP. Intravaneous Pyelography uses contrast dye.
24
Q
Which abbreviation indicates impotence in a male?
A
ED (Erectile Dysfunction)
25
A person with uremia would have a higher-than-normal level for which of these laboratory tests?
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
26
The combining form hebe/o- in hebephrenic schizophrenia means...
Youth
27
Telescoping of one segment of the intestine into the lumen of an adjacent segment is known as a/an
intussusception
28
Which word would not be used to describe a cancerous tumor?
Encapsulated
29
Which medical procedure involves liquid nitrogen being sprayed or painted onto a small malignant lesion to freeze and destroy the tissue?
Cryosurgery
30
Which procedure removes the uterine tubes and ovaries?
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Salping/o- means uterine tube, and oophor/o- means ovary
31
Intravesical chemotherapy is a medical procedure using a catheter to insert a chemotherapy drug into the...
Bladder. Intra- = within; vesic/o- = bladder; -al = pertaining to
32
What does it mean if a psychiatrist documented that the patient had a flat affect?
There is no outward display on the face of any of the patient's emotions or thoughts
33
Involuntary urination during sleep is known as
enuresis.
34
The abbreviation DT means:
delirium tremens.
35
Which is another name for venereal disease
Sexually transmitted disease
36
Mr. Isaiah Ritter had an abdominal aneurysm that showed up on a/an...
aortogram.
37
Excision of the tumor as well as the nearby organs because of wide-spread cancer is known as
exenteration
38
Which procedure removes the uterine tubes and ovaries
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
39
An ongoing life-saving procedure that is used to treat ESRD is
hemodialysis.
40
Which combining form means vagina
colp/o--
41
After four days of development, the fertilized ovum is known as a/an...
embryo. A fertilized ovum is known as an embryo until eight weeks; then it is called a fetus
42
Which gene is a risk factor for a type of breast cancer?
BRCA 1. The BRCA 1 or 2 gene increases the risk of developing cancer. BRCA stands for breast cancer
43
Most cells in the body divide by the process of...
mitosis
44
Which is a radiologic procedure in which x-rays are taken as the patient urinates and expels a contrast dye that was previously inserted into the bladder?
voiding cystourethrography
45
How could a woman know that she was ovulating?
She has a rise of body temperature.
46
Which procedure is referred to as a full body scan and uses a beam of electrons?
EBT. Electron Beam Tomography
47
The location of the corpora cavernosa is...
along the upper surface of the penis
48
Echolalia means
repeating words that someone else has said.
49
Which of the following is a cancer of the skin?
malignant melanoma
50
Two combining forms that mean bladder are cyst/o- and
vesic/o-.
51
Ewing's sarcoma is a cancer of the...
bone
52
The patient had surgery to remove a part of his intestine and rejoin the cut ends of the intestine. The word for this procedure is:
Anastom/o-- means to create an opening between two structures
53
The personality disorder that is characterized by disregard for rules, lying, truancy, fighting, drinking, and sexual promiscuity is known as...
sociopath, antisocial personality, psychopath
54
If a chest x-ray is taken so that the x-rays penetrate the front of the chest and exit through the patient's back and then into the x-ray plate, this is a/an ________ chest x-ray.
AP (anteroposterior)
55
In nuclear medicine, areas of increased uptake are called...
hot spots
56
When a pregnant woman develops preeclampsia, she shows...
increased blood pressure, fluid retention, protein in the urine.
57
Which is the abbreviation for a type of feeding tube?
PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy)
58
To deter alcohol use, which drug will make a person physically ill when combined with alcohol?
Antabuse. Alcoholic beverages mixed with Antabuse will give a person a headache, nausea, and dizziness
59
VDRL tests for what?
syphilis
60
During surgery the patient was found to have choledocholithiasis. In the operative report that describes what was done during the surgery, which anatomical structure will have to be mentioned?
common bile duct
61
Which word means pertaining to the mood or state of mind?
Affective
62
CA 15-3 is a tumor marker to detect the presence of:
breast cancer
63
the acid phosphatase level was elevated on the laboratory report. The physician ordered further tests to determine if the patient has...
prostate cancer
64
Which treatment involves radioactive implants (needles, wires, capsules, pellets/seeds) inserted into the tumor or the tissue around the tumor?
interstitial radiotherapy
65
When a patient has a hernia that is swollen, and the intestines can no longer be pushed back into the abdominopelvic cavity, this is known as a/an ________ hernia
incarcerated
66
Peau d'orange is a sign of possible breast cancer and appears as a
dimpling of the skin of the breast.
67
Radioactive substances that emit positrons are used in ________ scans.
PET (Positron emission tomography)
68
Making up medical or psychiatric symptoms to get attention (but without realizing that it is to get attention) is known by the name of ________ disorder
Munchausen
69
The inability to voluntarily control bowel movements because of paralysis or dementia is known as:
incontinence
70
How does a xeromammogram differ from a mammogram?
The xeromammogram image is printed on dry paper rather than on x-ray film
71
A cesarean section would be performed for...
Placenta previa
72
An abnormal placement of the placenta with its edge partially or completely covering the cervical canal is known as:
placenta previa
73
Galactorrhea means a flow or discharge of:
Milk. Galact/o- means milk and -rrhea means flow
74
A varicose vein in the esophagus is known as a
varix
75
An EGD would include viewing which of the following:
stomach. EGD stands for: esophagogastroduodenoscopy
76
The process of single cell destruction or programmed cell death is known as:
apoptosis
77
Which is a nuclear medicine procedure that uses a radioactive tracer that collects in particular organs or tissues?
scintigraphy
78
Which laboratory test is done to screen for prostate cancer?
PSA. Stands for: prostate-specific antigen
79
Which type of polyp has a thin stalk that supports a ball-shaped, irregular top?
pedunculated
80
Receptor assays are cytology tests done for which type of cancer?
breast
81
X-rays are used during all of the following tests except:
magnetic resonance imaging.
82
Which procedure involves the patient swallowing an endoscope that contains a tiny sound wave-emitting transducer at its tip? The tip is positioned in the esophagus so that it is directly behind the heart.
TEE (transesophageal echocardiogram)
83
An example of brachytherapy would be:
placing a radioactive implant directly into the bladder for bladder cancer. Brachytherapy involves placement of a radioactive implant at a short distance from the cancer. Brach/y- = short; -therapy = treatment
84
An excessive amount of urea in the blood because of renal failure is known as:
uremia.
85
A patient had a colonoscopy for complaints of bouts of diarrhea, cramping, and abdominal pain. The colonoscopy revealed no visualized abnormalities. The most likely diagnosis for the patient is:
irritable bowel syndrome
86
The urinary catheter that is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to remain for a period of time is a...
Foley catheter.
87
A myomectomy is done to remove:
uterine fibroid tumors.
88
Which blood test can point to cancer of the prostate gland when the result is elevated?
PSA
89
Which drug that is used to induce labor?
Pitocin
90
Which is the most common sexually transmitted disease? It is caused by a bacterium and sometimes causes painful urination in the male
chlamydia
91
If a patient is taking a diuretic drug such as Lasix, it will be necessary to replace the potassium lost in the urine with the medication:
K-Dur.
92
Which is the area of the kidney that includes the cortex and medulla?
parenchyma
93
Which is a medical procedure in which an intravenous catheter is inserted into the arm and threaded into the superior vena cava so chemotherapy drugs can be administered?
PICC (peripherally inserted central catheter)
94
Which is the unit of measurement for radiation exposure?
rem
95
A grayscale ultrasonography or B scan is ________ dimensional
two
96
Chronic, mild bipolar disorder with mood swings is known as:
cyclothymia.
97
The normal, large puckered pouchs in the walls of the large intestine are called:
haustra.
98
Anxiolytic drugs and minor tranquilizers are also known as:
antianxiety drugs.
99
Which psychiatric therapy involves the patient thinking about a destructive behavior, coupled with a mild electric shock or noxious smell like ammonia?
aversion therapy
100
The passage of blood in the stool is:
hematochezia.
| chez/o-- to pass feces
101
A pregnancy test is a blood test performed to detect the presence of the hormone:
HCG. (human chorionic gonadotropin)
102
The Philadelphia chromosome appears in:
chronic myelogenous leukemia.
103
Gram-negative diplococcus (double sphere) bacterium describes:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
104
In addition to creating and excreting urine to rid the body of wastes, the kidney also influences
red blood cell production, blood pressure, the pH of the blood
105
Which are examples of drugs that would be prescribed to treat a urinary tract infection?
Macrobid and Gantrisin
106
the medical and surgical procedures that classify cancer by how far it has spread in the body are known as:
staging
107
Which describes a woman who has had three spontaneous abortions and two live births?
G5, P2, Ab3
108
Which is an appropriate drug to treat GERD?
Nexium. Nexium is a proton pump inhibitor that blocks production of hydrochloric acid in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
109
The contrast medium that is instilled into the rectum to outline the colon and rectum for a radiologic procedure is:
Barium
110
Which is an example of a psychiatric test used to assess personality, emotions, attitudes, motivation, and conflicts? The patient is shown pictures of social or interpersonal situations and describes what is happening in the picture
Thematic Apperception Test
111
```
G
T
P
A
L
```
```
G- Number of times pregnant
T- Number of term births
P- Number of premature births
A- Number of abortions (spontaneous or induced)
L- Number of living children
```
112
Which test involves passing a needle through the skin of the abdominal wall and injecting contrast dye into the liver?
PTC. PTC stands for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. Per- means through or throughout, cutane/o- means skin. Trans- means across or through, hepat/o- means liver.
113
Which drug is used to treat bipolar disorder?
Lithium (Lithobid)
114
Which type of procedure uses an x-ray beam that is controlled by a computer?
CT Scan. Computerized tomography (CT) uses an x-ray beam and a computer.
115
A preliminary radiograph taken before contrast dye is injected is referred to as a/an:
Scout film
116
Steatorrhea is a symptom of:
pancreatitis.
117
Cryosurgery would be an option to remove ________ lesions after these lesions are identified on colposcopy
Cervical
118
Which procedure uses a CT scan to pinpoint the location of a mass in three dimensions and guide the biopsy needle?
stereotactic biopsy
119
Which procedure is done in conjunction with extensive cancer surgery to remove possible sites of metastasis?
Lymph node dissection
120
The substance surfactant is present in the fetus from the seventh month of gestation and beyond. When the surfactant has not yet reached a normal level, the newborn has problems:
breathing.
121
Which contrast medium is used in an MRI scan?
gadolinium
122
Which would be a normal finding in a urinalysis?
creatinine
123
The MUGA scan assesses ________ function.
Heart. (Multiple-gated acquisition)... a type of scan
124
Technetium-99m, xenon-133, and gallium-67 are radiopharmaceutical drugs that
emit gamma rays.
125
A pregnant woman with ________ is more likely to carry a fetus that is large for its gestational age
diabetes mellitus
126
A dosimeter is found in a...
film badge
127
Debulking is a surgical procedure for cancer that has the intent of:
reducing the size of the tumor
128
Which is a medical procedure that classifies cancer by how well differentiated the cells appear under the microscope?
Grading
129
The Hickman, Broviac, and Groshong are:
central venous catheters
130
Which neurotransmitter prepares the body for "fight or flight" and is seen in increased levels in patients with anxiety-related disorders?
epinephrine
131
Inflammation or infection of the oviduct is called:
salpingitis. salping/o-- (uterine tube/ fallopian tube)
132
Inflammation of the anatomical structure that stores mature spermatozoa is called:
epididymitis
133
Which type of drug treats the symptoms of menopause caused by a decreased level of estradiol?
hormone replacement therapy drugs
134
Which test is done to determine if the uterine tubes are open and unobstructed?
hysterosalpingography
135
Which surgical procedure involves placing sutures fashioned into a loop around the cervix?
cerclage
136
Which type of cancer affects the connective tissues?
Sarcoma. Sarcomas affect the connective tissues, such as cartilage, bone, tendon, ligament, aponeurosis, fascia, fat, and subcutaneous tissue.
137
Uterine descensus is also known as uterine:
Prolapse.
138
An orchiopexy would be done for:
Cryptochism. Crypt/o- means hidden, and orch/o- means testis. An orchiopexy moves a testis hidden in the abdominal cavity and fixes it in the scrotum. The suffix -pexy means surgically fixing in place.
139
Which is an environmental substance that can contribute to the development of cancer?
Carcinogen. Examples of environmental substances (called carcinogens) include radiation, chemicals, fumes, foreign particles, some chemotherapy drugs, and some hormone drugs.
140
An intrathecal catheter will deliver a chemotherapy drug to treat cancer of the:
Spinal cord. Thec/o- means layer of membranes around the spinal cord.
141
Which is another name for nephroblastoma?
Wilm's tumor
142
Inflammation of the oral mucosa of the mouth is:
stomatitis
143
Another name for a seminoma is:
testicular cancer
144
Which psychiatric test assesses the degree of depression?
BDI (Beck Depression Inventory)
145
A urinometer or a refractometer is used to measure the ________ of urine.
specific gravity
146
Which condition would fall under the Axis II method used to classify psychiatric conditions?
Mental Retardation
147
Which word describes a characteristic of a hepatoma?
Metastatic
148
A TURP is a surgery that would be performed for:
BPH (Benign prostatic hypertrophy)
149
The first stool of the newborn is a greenish-black waste called:
meconium
150
The abbreviation TAH-BSO means:
total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.
151
A neonate born at ________ weeks would be considered a term newborn
40
152
Leukorrhea is a sign of a possible yeast infection that is known as:
Candidiasis
153
Which is an abbreviation for an x-ray of the urinary organs?
KUB (Kidneys, ureters, bladder)
154
The abbreviation BUS refers to which type of tissue in the female reproductive system?
glandular
155
The first menses is known as:
Menarche
156
The abbreviation ARF means:
Acute Renal Failure
157
Mrs. Jeanne Smith had a DEXA scan to determine if she had...
osteoporosis. A DEXA scan is a bone density test
158
For his genital herpes, the patient takes:
Zovirax. Zovirax is an antiviral drug.
159
Which type of hepatitis is also known as serum hepatitis?
Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is caused by exposure to the blood (or serum) of a person who is already infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV).
160
After four days of development, the fertilized ovum is known as a/an:
Embryo. A fertilized ovum is known as an embryo until eight weeks; then it is called a fetus
161
The Reed-Sternberg cell appears in a biopsy from which cancer?
Hodgkin's lymphoma
162
Cancer cells that are described as undifferentiated may also be referred to as:
embryonal.
163
Damage to the pores of the glomeruli that allows large amounts of albumin to leak into the urine, decreasing the amount of protein in the blood, is known as:
Nephrotic syndrome
164
Anhedonia can be described as:
A lack of pleasure in any activity
165
Which is the correct position for a lateral decubitus x-ray?
Lying on the side. Later/o- = side; -al = pertaining to. Decubitus = lying down
166
Which type of procedure exposes the patient to the least amount of radiation?
Dental x-ray
167
Which is a therapy for a severely depressed patient that involves inducing a seizure?
ECT (electroconvulsive therapy)
168
Which is a surgical incision into the posterior edge of the vagina to prevent the tissue from tearing during delivery of the baby?
Episiotomy
(Episi/o- = vulva
-tomy= process of cutting or making an incision)
169
The process by which cells that were once mature and differentiated become undifferentiated and immature in appearance and behavior is known as:
anaplasia
ana-- apart from
-plasia-- abnormal condition of growth
170
Which drug is used to treat the nausea and vomiting that occurs after chemotherapy?
Cesamet
171
The part of the stomach that is superior to the pylorus is the:
Fundus
172
Tardive dyskinesia, involuntary repetitive movements of the face and extremities, is a severe side effect of the drug Thorazine and of all ________.
antipsychotic drugs
| Thorazine is an antipsychotic drug
173
A nephropexy is done to correct:
Nephroptosis
174
```
Which word is misspelled?
Cirrhosis
hemorrhoids
ilius
ascites
```
ilius (absence of peristalsis). Suppose to be spelled: ILEUS
175
What is a combining form that means rectum?
Proct/o-
176
Chronic, progressive inflammation and finally irreversible degeneration of liver tissue, characterized by nodules and scarring, is known as:
Cirrhosis
177
The abbreviation ERCP stands for:
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
178
A patient with a disease of which organ will have a low level in the blood of the protein albumin?
Liver. Albumin is manufactured in the liver.
179
Priapism creates pain and tenderness of the:
Penis
180
The area of the brain involved in amnesia due trauma or disease is the:
Hippocampus
181
A single hernia pouch in the muscular wall of the colon is spelled:
diverticulum
182
Which is a congenital condition in which the female urethral meatus is incorrectly located near the clitoris or the male urethral meatus is incorrectly located on the upper surface of the shaft of the penis?
epispadias
183
A hernia in which the bladder bulges through a weakness in the muscular wall of the vagina or rectum is known as:
Cystocele
184
The formation of an abnormal passageway connecting the bladder to the vagina is known as:
Vesicovaginal fistula
185
The organism that causes genital warts is abbreviated as:
HPV
186
Steatorrhea is a symptom of:
Pancreatitis
