Mod 4-7 Flashcards
Wheelchair Measurement: Seat width
measure posterior width (widest buttocks/thigh) & add 1.5 in
Wheelchair Measurement: seat depth
measure buttocks to popliteal space & subtract 2”
Wheelchair Measurement: seat height/leg length
measure heel to popliteal fold & add 2”
Wheelchair Measurement: back height
measure chair seat to bottom axilla (w/ shoulder 90 deg) & subtract 4”
Wheelchair Measurement: armrest height
measure seat chair to olecranon process (w/ shoulder 90 deg) & add 1”
modified independent
uses assistive device to be independent
Supervision assist (SVA)/ standby assist (SBA)
need verbal/tactile cues or assistance with device set-up
contact guarding (CGA)
w/ contact- hand on gait belt or body
minimal assistance (min A)
pt. complete >75% of task independently
moderate assistance (mod A)
pt. complete 50-74% of task
maximum assistance (max A)
pt. complete 25-49% of task
dependent
needs complete physical assistance
Describe bed mobility transfers:
supine to side-lying (& reverse)
sidelying to seated (& reverse)
log roll or segmental roll
use upper extremity to push up
- lay down by using elbow, and kicking legs up to bed
Describe standing transfers:
sit to stand (& reverse)
stand pivot
squat pivot
scoot them forward
brace their knees w/ yours
pt. push from armrest
point feet in direction of finish
Describe slide board transfer
guard/protect pt
angle board
scoot/pivot them on & they use fist to brace
move high to low surface
total hip precautions: anterior lateral approach
no hip extension past neutral
limited ext. rotation
total hip precautions: posterior lateral approach
no hip adduction, int. rotation, or hip flexion > 90deg
pulmonary artery catheter (PAC)
catheter into pulmonary artery for diagnostic use
-detect heart failure, sepsis etc
intracranial pressure (ICP)
measures pressure within skull
-keep head of bed raised & no isometrics
central venous pressure
measures BP in R atrium/superior vena cava
-assess filling of R ventricle
electrocardiogram
records heart’s electrical activity w/ HR, BP, RR
arterial line
continually monitor BP (usually radial artery)
intravenous line (IV)
in superficial vein of upper extremity for nutrients, meds, and blood collection
Hickman catheter
central venous catheter through superior vena cava & jugular vein
administers chemo, removes blood
nasogastric tube
from nostril to stomach to feed or remove food
gastric tube
directly into stomach for longer term
Foley catheter
uses bag to drain urine with gravity
-tube through urethra into bladder
suprapubic catheter
directly into bladder (long-term)
external catheter
condom-style catheter
nasal cannula
tube w/ 2 nostril openings
used if low-mod O2 needs
ostomy device
ex: enterostomy
stoma in small intestine/abdominal wall to eliminate feces into bag
traction device
pulling force to reduce/realign & promote healing of bone fracture
External Fixation Device: Contraindications
avoid weight-bearing on affected side
Internal fixation Device: contraindications & recommendations
use isometrics ex. (not concentric/eccentric)
- use joint mobilization
arterial blood gas lab values:
O2, CO2 & pH in blood
dec. RBC count =
anemia & limited therapy
dec. WBC count =
dec. immune function
(PTT) partial thromboplastin time test
measure how quickly blood clots
Warfarin drug
anticoagulant drug used to treat/prevent blood clots
normal blood glucose levels
100-130 range for exercise
(70-140 norm)
Liver function tests levels of: (2)
bilirubin
serum albumin
Kidney function tests levels of: (3)
serum creatinine
blood urea nitrogen
& glomular filtration rate
medical vs. surgical asepsis
med: practices to keep microorganisms confined
surg: practices to eliminate microorganisms
autonomic dysreflexia- who, symptoms
if injury to cervical/upper thoracic spine
hypertension, sweating, convulsions
heat exhaustion vs. heat stroke symptoms
heat exh: (preliminary) sweat, pale, nauseous, dizzy, fast pulse
heat stroke: dry skin, high body temp*, altered mental state
hypo/hyperglycemia response
ketoacidosis: insufficient insulin to correct blood sugar
Orthostatic Hypotension response by caregiver
elevate LE w/ pt in supine; compress LE
what is pulmonary embolism
blockage in pulmonary arteries, sending blood from heart to lungs
1st stage of wound healing
inflammatory phase:
neutrophils & monocytes (WBCs)
2nd stage of wound healing
Proliferative Phase:
collagen synthesis, epithelialization
3rd stage of wound healing
Remodeling phase:
scar maturation
necrotic tissue: eschar
hard, leathery; adhered to wound
necrotic tissue: gangrene
death/decay of tissue b/c interrupted blood flow
necrotic tissue: hyperkeratosis
callous-like
necrotic tissue: slough
moist, stringy, mucinous, white/yellow; loosely attached
Exudate: purulent/pus
indicated infection
exudate: serous
watery (during inflammation)
exudate: seropurulent
cloudy, opaque, yellow; warning for infection
exudate: sanguineous
red, b/c presence of blood
exudate: serosanguineous
pink & thin, normal; contains blood
wound assessment factors
type, location, size, description of skin & healing
wound eval/documentation
signs of inflammation, edema, infection; wound appearance: color, texture, exudate, type
odor
PT/PTT/INR lab values for what?
anticoagulation
wound vac function
uses negative pressure to promote wound healing
redness that doesn’t blanch, but intact skin. Which wound stage?
Stage 1
moist & pink, partial thickness (mainly epidermis). Which wound stage?
stage 2
full thickness (epidermis & dermis), subcutaneous. Which wound stage?
Stage 3
full thickness & destruction of deep tissue; visible bone/tendon/muscle. Which wound stage?
stage 4
describe function of 3 dressing layers: contact layer, intermediate layer, outer layer
contact: non-adherent (closest to skin)
intermediate: for absorption, protection, moisture
outer: holds dressings in place
describe donning PPE order: 6 steps
hand wash, isolation gown, face mask, face shield/goggles, hand wash, gloves
describe doffing PPE order: 5 steps
glove in glove to remove, gown off, hand wash, face shield/goggles, mask
