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Basic Skills > Mod 11-13: Gait & PNF > Flashcards

Mod 11-13: Gait & PNF Flashcards

1
Q

activity that occurs between time heel strike to heel strike on same foot

A

gait cycle

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2
Q

distance between R and L heel strike

A

step length (~28 in)

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3
Q

distance between R heel strike and the following R heel strike (an entire gait cycle)

A

stride length

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4
Q

distance measured between R & L heels during progression of gait

A

step width (2-4 in)

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5
Q

how fast someone walks

A

velocity/ distance

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6
Q

of steps one walks over a period of time

A

cadence/ speed

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7
Q

how long is someone in the single support phase of gait

A

75% of the gait cycle

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8
Q

how long is someone in the double support phase of gait

A

25% of gait cycle

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9
Q

how long does the swing phase last during gait cycle

A

40% of the time

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10
Q

how long does stance phase last during gait cycle

A

60% of the time

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11
Q

name phases of gait cycle: stance phase (5), swing phase (3)

A

initial contact, loading response, midstance, terminal stance, pre-swing
initial swing, midswing, terminal swing

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12
Q

name ROM requirements at hip, knee, ankle & great toe

A

hip: 20* flex, 30* ext
knee: 60* flex, 0-5* ext
ankle: 10* dorsiflex, 20* plantarflex
great toe: 70* MTP ext

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13
Q

initial contact muscle action

A

concentric quads (knee ext)
concentric dorsiflexors
stabilizing hip extensors & abductors

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14
Q

loading response muscle action

A

eccentric to concentric quads
eccentric dorsiflexors, then eccentric plantarflexors
concentric hip extensors

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15
Q

midstance muscle action

A

eccentric plantarflexors
concentric quads & hip extensors (glutes)

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16
Q

terminal stance muscle action

A

concentric plantarflexors
concentric knee flexors
eccentric hip flexors

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17
Q

pre-swing muscle action

A

concentric knee flexors
concentric plantarflexors

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18
Q

initial swing muscle action

A

concentric dorsiflexion, hip flexion, knee flexion

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19
Q

midswing muscle action

A

concentric dorsiflexors & hip flexors
eccentric hip extensors
(co-contraction at hip)

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20
Q

terminal swing muscle action

A

eccentric hip extensors
concentric dorsiflexors & knee extensors (quads)
eccentric knee flexors (hamstring)
(co-contraction at knee)

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21
Q

abnormal gait pattern: shortened stance phase causing rapid/shortened step length of uninvolved side bc LE joint pain

A

antalgic

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22
Q

abnormal gait pattern: balance disruption bc cerebellar involvement; jerky & unsteady movement

A

ataxic

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23
Q

abnormal gait pattern: circular motion used to advance leg during swing phase; insufficient joint flexion

A

circumduction

24
Q

abnormal gait pattern: bilat LE involvement; excessive flexion

A

crouch gait

25
Q

abnormal gait pattern: excessive gastroc activity; knee hyperextension

A

equinus

26
Q

abnormal gait pattern: significant hip extensor weakness; “rocking horse” gait

A

gluteus maximus gait

27
Q

abnormal gait pattern: body shifts to uninvolved side; depend on flaccidity/spasticity

A

hemiplegic

28
Q

abnormal gait pattern: pt. falling forward, COG forward; advanced stage of Parkinson’s

A

festinating gait

29
Q

abnormal gait pattern: shuffling pattern, flexed posture, diminished arm swing

A

Parkinsonian gait

30
Q

abnormal gait pattern: unsupported limb swings against stance leg (narrow BOS)

A

scissoring gait

31
Q

abnormal gait pattern: decreased hip/knee flexion during swing; like hemiplegic but involving both sides

A

spastic

32
Q

abnormal gait pattern: feet & toes lifted excessively; foot slap

A

steppage

33
Q

abnormal gait pattern: glute medius gait

A

Trendelenburg

34
Q

abnormal gait pattern: swing leg advances by compensation of plantarflexors of stance leg; use “releve” on stanc eleg

A

vaulting

35
Q

describe 4 point gait pattern

A

uses bilat crutches or 2 canes
R arm, L leg, L arm, R leg (4 different points)

36
Q

describe mod 4 point gait

A

1 amb aide opposite of injured
R cane*, L leg, swing L arm, R leg

37
Q

describe 2 point gait pattern

A

uses bilat crutches or 2 canes
move AD & opposite leg at same time (2 points of contact)

38
Q

describe mod 2 point gait

A

1 amb aide opposite of injured
R cane* w/ L leg; swing L arm w/ R leg

39
Q

describe 3 point gait pattern

A

require bilat crutches or walker
3 points contact
step to or step through
NWB one side**

40
Q

describe mod 3 point gait

A

uses bilat crutches or walker
move device, injured leg, normal leg
PWB/TTWB**

41
Q

how to ascend stairs w/ cane

A

lead with good leg, cane & bad leg together

42
Q

how to descend stairs w/ cane

A

lead with bad leg & cane, good leg follows

43
Q

D1F UE starting position

A

shoulder extension, abduction, internal rotation
wrist ulnar deviation

44
Q

D1E UE starting position

A

shoulder flexion, adduction, external rotation
wrist radial deviation

45
Q

D2F UE starting position

A

shoulder extension, adduction, internal rotation
wrist ulnar deviation

46
Q

D2E UE starting position

A

shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation
wrist radial deviation

47
Q

D1F LE starting position

A

hip extension, abduction, internal rotation,
ankle eversion

48
Q

D1E LE starting position

A

hip flexion, adduction, external rotation
ankle inversion

49
Q

D2F LE starting position

A

hip extension, adduction, external rotation
ankle inversion

50
Q

D2E LE starting position

A

hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation
ankle eversion

51
Q

soft tissue mob contraindications

A

fresh burns, open wounds, sores
pregnancy (if over abdomen)
CHF, thromophlebitis
over fragile bony structures

52
Q

Type of STM: stroking, skin rolling, knuckling for superficial blood flow & mobilization of skin

A

effleurage

53
Q

Type of STM: kneading, wringing; mobilize muscle tissue for deeper circulation

A

petrissage

54
Q

Type of STM: hack, cup, slap, beat; stimulates muscle activity & deep circulation

A

tapotement

55
Q

Type of STM: mobilization & pain relief for tendons, muscles, ligaments & joint capsules

A

deep friction

56
Q

Type of STM: shaking to mobilize/remove lung secretion

A

vibration

Basic Skills (6 decks)

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