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Basic Skills > Cranial Nerves & N.S > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves & N.S Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial Nerve 1 (name, type, action)

A

Olfactory
sensory
olfaction/smell
(in cerebral cortex)

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2
Q

Cranial Nerve 2 (name, type, action)

A

Optic
sensory
vision
(in cerebral cortex)

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3
Q

Cranial Nerve 3 (name, type, action)

A

Oculomoter
motor
eyeball muscles

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4
Q

Cranial Nerve 4 (name, type, action)

A

Trochlear
motor
eyeball muscle

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5
Q

Cranial Nerve 5 (name, type, action)

A

Trigeminal
sensory/motor
S: face & oral cavity
M: muscle of mastication

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6
Q

Cranial Nerve 6 (name, type, action)

A

Abducens (“abduct”)
motor
eyeball muscle

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7
Q

Cranial Nerve 7 (name, type, action)

A

Facial
sensory/motor
S: taste from ant. 2/3 tongue
M: muscles of facial expression

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8
Q

Cranial Nerve 8 (name, type, action)

A

Vestibulocochlear
sensory
audition & equilibrium

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9
Q

Cranial Nerve 9 (name, type, action)

A

Glosso-pharangeal
sensory/motor
S: taste from post. 1/3 tongue
M: pharangeal muscles

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10
Q

Cranial Nerve 10 (name, type, action)

A

Vagus
sensory/motor
viscera

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11
Q

Cranial Nerve 11 (name, type, action)

A

Accessory
motor
sternocleidomastoid & trapezius muscles

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12
Q

Cranial Nerve 12 (name, type, action)

A

Hypoglossal
motor
tongue muscles

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13
Q

Cranial Nerve 1 Test

A

Olfactory:
blindfold & ask to identify familiar odor (i.e. cinnamon)

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14
Q

Cranial Nerve 2 Test

A

Optic:
ask pt. to identify objects/read from eye chart

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15
Q

Cranial Nerve 3 Test

A

Oculomoter:
ask pt. to follow moving object w/ eyes (up, down, diagonal)
-inspect asymmetrical movement

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16
Q

Cranial Nerve 4 Test

A

Trochlear:
ask pt. to follow object w/ eyes as moved inferiorly

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17
Q

Cranial Nerve 5 Test

A

Trigeminal:
S: pt. eyes closed & therapist touch face for sharp/dull sensations
M: pt. perform mandibular protrusion/retrusion/lateral deviation

18
Q

Cranial Nerve 6 Test

A

Abducens:
pt. tracks moving object laterally w/ eyes

19
Q

Cranial Nerve 7 Test

A

Facial:
S: distinguish sweet/salty substance on ant. tongue
M: mimic selected facial expressions

20
Q

Cranial Nerve 8 Test

A

Vestibulocochlear:
use ticking watch/tuning fork to record distance pt. can hear sound from both ears

21
Q

Cranial Nerve 9 Test

A

Glosso-pharangeal:
S: test sour/bitter substance on post. tongue
M: use tongue depressor for gag reflex

22
Q

Cranial Nerve 10 Test

A

Vagus:
(S&M) tongue depressor for gag reflex

23
Q

Cranial Nerve 11 Test

A

Accessory:
apply downward pressure to pt. shoulders as they resist

24
Q

Cranial Nerve 12 Test

A

Hypoglossal:
patient protrudes tongue
(assess symmetry)

25
Q

cervical plexus: location & innervation

A

C1-C4
innervate neck muscles

26
Q

brachial plexus: location & innervation

A

C5-T1
innervate upper limb muscles

27
Q

lumbosacral plexus: location & innervation

A

L1-S5
innervate lower limb muscles
[L1-L4 to thigh muscles]
[L5-S3 to leg & foot muscles]

28
Q

upper motor neuron: origination & termination

A

cell bodies in primary motor cortex (cerebrum)
to brainstem/spinal cord

29
Q

lower motor neuron: origination & termination

A

cell bodies in brainstem(cranial) or anterior horn of spinal cord (spinal)
travel to innervate skeletal muscle

30
Q

autonomic NS: sympathetic

A

“fight or flight”

31
Q

autonomic NS: para-sympathetic

A

“rest & digest”

32
Q

spinal tract that relays info for deep sensation & combined cortical sensations

A

dorsal columns

33
Q

ascending spinal tract that relays superficial sensations

A

spinothalamic tract

34
Q

where does dorsal column tract cross?

A

medulla (of brainstem)

35
Q

where does spinothalamic tract cross?

A

cross at level of spinal cord

36
Q

reflex arc pathway

A

sensory input (posterior ramus) - spinal cord - motor output (anterior ramus)

36
Q

corticospinal tract (descending) function

A

voluntary movement

37
Q

upper motor neurons + lower motor neurons form which spinal tract?

A

corticospinal tract (descending)

38
Q

which muscles (2) contract during inhalation?

A

diaphragm
external intercostals

39
Q

which muscles (2) relax during exhalation?

A

diaphragm
internal intercostals

40
Q

where do you take an apical pulse?

A

in line with T5/nipple line
(slightly left)

Basic Skills (6 decks)

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