Mod 4

Question 1

Osteocytes

Answer 1

Maintains communication with bones tissue and provides oversight

Question 2

Osteoblasts

Answer 2

B for build. Build new bone

Question 3

Osteoclasts

Answer 3

C is for cut. Bone breakdown and reabsorption

Question 4

Osteoprogenitor cells

Answer 4

Stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts

Question 5

Osteon

Answer 5

Functional unit of compact bone

Question 6

Ossification

Answer 6

Production of bone matrix

Question 7

Endochondral ossification

Answer 7

Formation of long bones; replacement of hyaline cartilage with bone

Question 8

Intramembranous ossification

Answer 8

Formation of flat bones; direct transformation of mesenchymal tissue into bone

Question 9

Bone remodeling

Answer 9

Removing old bone deposits and adding new; happens continuously throughout life

Question 10

Calcitriol

Answer 10

Kidneys; promotes calcium and phosphate absorption in the digestive tract

Question 11

Growth hormone and thyroxine

Answer 11

Pituitary gland and thyroid; stimulate bone growth at the epiphyseal plate until puberty

Question 12

Sex hormones

Answer 12

Reproductive organs; stimulates osteoblasts to grow bone at the epiphyseal plate

Question 13

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Answer 13

Thyroid and parathyroid; control calcium and phosphate levels in the blood

Question 14

Cortisol

Answer 14

Adrenal glands; inhibits osteoblast activity and promotes bone reabsorption

Question 15

Exercise and bones

Answer 15

Increases osteoblast activity

Question 16

Fibrous

Answer 16

Immovable joint

Question 17

Suture

Answer 17

Fibrous joint between adjacent bones of the skull

Question 18

Gomphosis

Answer 18

Joint between the tooth and socket

Question 19

Syndesmosis

Answer 19

Fibrous joint limiting movement of parallel bones – tibia and fibula

Question 20

Cartilaginous

Answer 20

Slightly moveable

Question 21

Symphysis

Answer 21

Cartilaginous joint in which two bones are joined by fibrocartilage – pubis, vertebra

Question 22

Synchondroses

Answer 22

Cartilage attached directly to bone: nose, ribs to sternum

Question 23

Synovial

Answer 23

Freely moveable

Question 24

Plane joint

Answer 24

Slide; Intercarpals and intertarsals

Question 25

Hinge joint

Answer 25

Back and forth; elbow, knee, phalanges

Question 26

Pivot

Answer 26

Rotate; atlas- axis joint, proximal radial/ulna

Question 27

Condylar

Answer 27

More motion than hinge with some rotation; wrists and ankles

Question 28

Saddle

Answer 28

Adduct thumb

Question 29

Ball and socket

Answer 29

Very moveable; shoulder joint and hip joint

Question 30

Synovial fluid function

Answer 30

Lubrication, shock absorption, deliver O2 and nutrients

Question 31

Tendons

Answer 31

Connect muscle to bone growth

Question 32

Ligaments

Answer 32

Connect bone to bone

Question 33

Long bone

Answer 33

Longer than wide; femur, humerus, radius, ulna

Question 34

Short bones

Answer 34

Cube shaped; carpals and tarsals

Question 35

Flat bones

Answer 35

Broad surface for muscle attachment or organ protection; ribs, skull, pectoral girdle, sternum

Question 36

Irregular bones

Answer 36

Varied shaped; vertebrae and some skull bones

Question 37

Sesamoid

Answer 37

Shaped like a sesame seed; patella

Question 38

Diaphysis

Answer 38

Shaft

Question 39

Medullary cavity

Answer 39

Location of bone marrow

Question 40

Epiphysis

Answer 40

Ends of long bones

Question 41

Periosteum

Answer 41

Covers the outside of bones

Question 42

Endosteum

Answer 42

Lines the medullary cavity