Mod 12 Test 2 Flashcards
what is impairment
abnormality of structure or function of a limb or body organ
what is disability
inability to preform a task or activity as the result of impairment
what is handicap
disadvantage or limitation that an individual has when compared with other of the same age, sex and background that has resulted from the impairment or disability
what are some examples of physical disabilities
degenerative neuromuscular system disorders developmental neuromuscular disorders hearing and visual impairment CVA alcohol and substance abuse TBI spinal cord injury
what are examples of mental disabilities
developmental (autism, down syndrome)
psychiatric disorders (depression, bipolar)
TBI
alcohol and substance abuse
how is identification of patients with physical and mental disabilites accomplished
- pt caregiver or agency request
- H & P
- direct referal or consultation
is a disability always permanant
no it can be temporary
What should the dental record reflect in the coordination of care
any consultation
what should the health assessment of a pt include
medical history
oral exam
tx recommendations
if in long term care facility recommendations of the PCP should be fully documented prior to dental tx
what is mental status
intellegence and emotional condition and needs, family history, living enviroment and past dental tx history
what is crucial to success of dental care in psychosocial assessment
family or caregiver support
what are financial considerations for special needs pts
- major barrier
- medicaid has limited services
- local agencies may have available funding
- may have social worker secure funds
what is important in communication with special needs pts
address pt whenever possible
- caregiver should be present to convey info pt cant
- make pt particpant in convo
what may be the only means of normalcy for pts
oral function and esthetics can be important
what modifications can be made for pts who cant be treated in the conventional manner
physical or pharmalogical restraint
how should a pt be positioned if they are unable to protect their own airways
in a sitting, or semi reclined position rather than the reclined
what should you be aware of during the appointment with special needs pts
chair padding, elimination devices, hearing devices, visual devices
what should you do with pts with visual imairment
describe path to area of tx, announce departure adn return to area, intro clinical procedures clearly and concisely
what should you be aware of if you are treating a pt in their wheel chair
those with spinal cord injury may need pushups, quadriplegia the pt may need to shift weight every 20 min
what are good supportive devices for pts
pillows, bed sheet or blanket to fold around pt, pt may be held with velcro strap
what can be used for head stablilzation
- wrap mirror arm around pts head
- towel or pillow around head
- strap around forhead
- mouth prop
does restraint require informed consent
yes… written and signed prior
what is protective stabilization
any manual method, physical or mechanical, material or equipment that immobilizes or reduces the ability of the patient to move his her body
what is active immobilization
restraint by another person
what is passive immobilization
restraint by a restraining device
what are 5 common guidelines for restraint
- valid for noncompliant develomentally disabled pt
- least restrictive alternitive should be used
- should not be used as convienence or punishment
- should cause no injury
- reason, type length of time restraint is used should be documented
what are supportive straps
made of flannel and padded to place of the wrists or ankles to tie to chair arms
what is a pedi wrap
encloses pt from neck to ankles
what is a papoose board
board with padded wraps to enclose pt
what are examples of oral and IV chemical restraints
xanax, adavan, versed, propofol, valium, halcion
what chemical restraint has a reversal durg
halcion
what chemical restraint has the fastest half life
propofol
what chemical restraint is the most popular
versed
what should the tx regimen be for a medically compromised pt
- go sextant or quadrant by quadrant
- most disease area first
- chairside assistance
- unbreakable mirrors
- ultrasonic often indicated
- show tell do
what should be accessible to pts with wheelchairs ect
walkways, sidewalk, parking, entrance ramps, the office restrooms, operatory
what is the min door with for a wheelchair
32”
what are adjunctive therapies that would be good for medically compromised pts
xylitol, fluoride, fluoridated water, reduction of fermentable carbs, CHX
*what should appropriate informed consent include
nature of oral disease condition, reason for recommended care, alternatives for tx, concequences of non tx, reasonably anticipated or potential complications
where is the consent for exam, prophy and minor tx
in the statement included with health history
does the ada make an attempt to establish standars of informed consent
no
