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Dental Hygiene III > Mod 11 Test 2 > Flashcards

Mod 11 Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

the mortality rate for oral cancer has not _____ over the last 3 decades

A

decreased

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2
Q

what is the 5 year survival rate of someone who has oral cancer

A

47%

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3
Q

where is the largest increase of oral cancer diagnosis

A

in pts under 40 (5 fold increase in this group)

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4
Q

what percent of oral cancer pts have no risk factors

A

27%

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5
Q

there are nearly ______ as many deaths from oral cancer as cervical cancer

A

twice

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6
Q

why should practitioners preform cancer screenings

A
  • may be the only ones to do it
  • pts dont recognize early signs
  • often diagnosed after its metastasized
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7
Q

what are some factors that contribute to oral cancer

A 
-quantity and frequency of tobacco and alcohol use
(seperate and together)
-genetic tendency
-prolonged sun exposure
-HPV
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8
Q

what are some tissue changes that may indicate oral cancer

A
  • white leisons- filmy to thick
  • red velvety leisons
  • indurated growths in a white leison
  • papillary masses
  • brown/black pigmented areas
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9
Q

What are symptoms of oral cancer

A
  • ulcerations that bleed easily and dont resolve in 2 weeks
  • extraction site that doesnt heal
  • persistent pain, hoarsness, parasthesia
  • difficulty chewing or swallowing
  • bleeding from mouth or throat
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10
Q

what are the high risk sites for oral cancer

A 
lower lip vermillion
tongue
floor of mouth
soft palate
tonsillar pillars and palatine tonsils
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11
Q

what is a dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of cells that begins in the epiethelium

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12
Q

can a dysplasia be seen with the naked eye

A

yes, can appear as red, white or mixed and can often resolve self if stimulus is moved

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13
Q

what is a leukoplakia

A

a white patch that cant be scraped off or characterized by a specific disease

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14
Q

what is an erythroplakia

A

bright red leisons of the oral mucosa that cant be characterized by a disease

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15
Q

what is more common leuko or erythroplakia

A

leuko

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16
Q

what is the first degree of a leison

A

sligher superficial wrinkling
pale white or grey
no thickening, may disappear when stretched

17
Q

what is the second degree of a leison

A

disincct white, gray or red color changes
wrinkling is obvious
mucosa not thickened
color change remains when mucosa is streched

18
Q

what is the third degree of a leison

A

white or grayish
deep furrows
thickening of mucosa
lesions persist when tissue is stretched

19
Q

what does a basal cell leison look like

A
  • open bleeding crusted
  • red raised or itchy
  • shiny, pink, red, white or translucent nodules
  • crusted craters
20
Q

where are basal cell leisons common

A

areas exposed to the sun

21
Q

what is the most common type of lesion

A

squamous cell

22
Q

what do squamous cell leisns appear as

A

open painless, don’t resolve in 2 weeks, wart like growth, persistent scaly red patches, irregular boarders, bleed easily, central depression

23
Q

what kind of leison is most often fatal

A

melanoma

24
Q

what are the ABC for melanoma screening

A

asymmetry, border, color, diameter evolving

25
Q

where does a melanoma develop from

A

from or near a mole

26
Q

what is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the US

A

HPV

27
Q

what is the leading cause of oropharyngeal cancers

A

HPV

28
Q

what strains are we most worried about of HPV

A

16, and 18

29
Q

what is the survival rate for HPV tumors

A

better than non HPV tumors

30
Q

when is the HPV virus cleared from the immune system

A

2 years

31
Q

what are the vaccines that are effective against HPV 16 and 18

A

gardasil and cervarix

32
Q

what are the side effects of cancer therapy

A

oral mucositis, xerostomia, caries, candidiasis, trismus, osteonecrosis

33
Q

what is the Vizilite

A

non invaseive oral cancer screening device

34
Q

what is the oral Cdx system

A

in office tranepithelial oral biopsy test, uses a brush

35
Q

if the oral Cdx has a positive result what do you do

A

a scalpel biopsy is recommended

36
Q

what is the VELscope

A

non invasive oral cancer screening system, helps with early detection of abnormal tissues

37
Q

what is the IDENTAFI

A

non invasive oral cancer screening system, multispectral fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy

38
Q

what can dental hygienists do for oral cancer

A
  • stress early screening
  • screen
  • educate pts

Dental Hygiene III (11 decks)

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