Mod 11 Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

the mortality rate for oral cancer has not _____ over the last 3 decades

A

decreased

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2
Q

what is the 5 year survival rate of someone who has oral cancer

A

47%

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3
Q

where is the largest increase of oral cancer diagnosis

A

in pts under 40 (5 fold increase in this group)

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4
Q

what percent of oral cancer pts have no risk factors

A

27%

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5
Q

there are nearly ______ as many deaths from oral cancer as cervical cancer

A

twice

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6
Q

why should practitioners preform cancer screenings

A
  • may be the only ones to do it
  • pts dont recognize early signs
  • often diagnosed after its metastasized
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7
Q

what are some factors that contribute to oral cancer

A
-quantity and frequency of tobacco and alcohol use
(seperate and together)
-genetic tendency
-prolonged sun exposure
-HPV
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8
Q

what are some tissue changes that may indicate oral cancer

A
  • white leisons- filmy to thick
  • red velvety leisons
  • indurated growths in a white leison
  • papillary masses
  • brown/black pigmented areas
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9
Q

What are symptoms of oral cancer

A
  • ulcerations that bleed easily and dont resolve in 2 weeks
  • extraction site that doesnt heal
  • persistent pain, hoarsness, parasthesia
  • difficulty chewing or swallowing
  • bleeding from mouth or throat
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10
Q

what are the high risk sites for oral cancer

A
lower lip vermillion
tongue
floor of mouth
soft palate
tonsillar pillars and palatine tonsils
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11
Q

what is a dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of cells that begins in the epiethelium

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12
Q

can a dysplasia be seen with the naked eye

A

yes, can appear as red, white or mixed and can often resolve self if stimulus is moved

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13
Q

what is a leukoplakia

A

a white patch that cant be scraped off or characterized by a specific disease

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14
Q

what is an erythroplakia

A

bright red leisons of the oral mucosa that cant be characterized by a disease

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15
Q

what is more common leuko or erythroplakia

A

leuko

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16
Q

what is the first degree of a leison

A

sligher superficial wrinkling
pale white or grey
no thickening, may disappear when stretched

17
Q

what is the second degree of a leison

A

disincct white, gray or red color changes
wrinkling is obvious
mucosa not thickened
color change remains when mucosa is streched

18
Q

what is the third degree of a leison

A

white or grayish
deep furrows
thickening of mucosa
lesions persist when tissue is stretched

19
Q

what does a basal cell leison look like

A
  • open bleeding crusted
  • red raised or itchy
  • shiny, pink, red, white or translucent nodules
  • crusted craters
20
Q

where are basal cell leisons common

A

areas exposed to the sun

21
Q

what is the most common type of lesion

A

squamous cell

22
Q

what do squamous cell leisns appear as

A

open painless, don’t resolve in 2 weeks, wart like growth, persistent scaly red patches, irregular boarders, bleed easily, central depression

23
Q

what kind of leison is most often fatal

24
Q

what are the ABC for melanoma screening

A

asymmetry, border, color, diameter evolving

25
where does a melanoma develop from
from or near a mole
26
what is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the US
HPV
27
what is the leading cause of oropharyngeal cancers
HPV
28
what strains are we most worried about of HPV
16, and 18
29
what is the survival rate for HPV tumors
better than non HPV tumors
30
when is the HPV virus cleared from the immune system
2 years
31
what are the vaccines that are effective against HPV 16 and 18
gardasil and cervarix
32
what are the side effects of cancer therapy
oral mucositis, xerostomia, caries, candidiasis, trismus, osteonecrosis
33
what is the Vizilite
non invaseive oral cancer screening device
34
what is the oral Cdx system
in office tranepithelial oral biopsy test, uses a brush
35
if the oral Cdx has a positive result what do you do
a scalpel biopsy is recommended
36
what is the VELscope
non invasive oral cancer screening system, helps with early detection of abnormal tissues
37
what is the IDENTAFI
non invasive oral cancer screening system, multispectral fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy
38
what can dental hygienists do for oral cancer
- stress early screening - screen - educate pts