Mod 10 Test 2 Flashcards
what is the effect of grills on oral tissues
decalcification recession malodor caries abrasion allergic reactions
what are the treatment and recommendation for grills
remove frequently thourough dental assessments regular dental visits suggest removable over fixed clean daily stress good brushing and flossing fluoride paste or gels
what are the most common oral piercings
first tongue and then lip
why do people get oral piercings
individualism, peer pressure, enhanced body image, spritual reasons
in western culture what is the most prevalent age for oral piercings
between 18 to 30
what should patients use instead of a metal ball
acrylic ball
what are the inital dental impacts of oral piercings
intial inflammation hemorrhage asphyxiation of jewelry nerve damage communicable disease concerns trauma infections altered speech
what are the long term dental concerns
infections, trauma, lingual nerve damage, swallowed or aspirated jewelry, speech and swallowing problems, sensitivity to metal
what kind of trauma can happen with oral piercings
boneloss, recession, broken teeth
what is best when there is an infection from a tongue stud
a sea salt rinse (no iodine) 4-5 times a day, removal of the jewelry, surgical removal of the jewelry
why are listerine and CHX not recommended for infection
because of the alcohol, can be used for daily oral care
what are methamphetamines
a CNS stimulant which acts on the brain, causes an increased release of neurotransmitters and at the same time block their up take (makes you need more)*
methamphetamines are a legal prescription to treat waht
ADHD and narcolepsy
what schedule is meth
schedule II
what is meth easily synthesized from
pseudoephedrine and ephedrine
how does meth work compared to cocaine
- induces high faster than cocaine
- lasts longer than cocaine
- high is more inense
what are the immediate effects of meth
euphoria up to 12 hrs, rapid heart rate, dilated pupils
what are the short term effects of meth
decreased appetite, xerostomia, craving for sweet, insomnia, anxiety, tremors, hyperactivity
what are the indicators of meth use
lack of personal hygiene loss of weight agitiation skin leisions fixation on one thing
what is the most common visual effect of long term meth use
fromication
what is formication
sensation of insects crawling on the skin, appears as scabs, leisons of face hands arms and legs
can you use epi on a meth addict
no because of the already increased heart rate
when can you not give any anesthetic to a meth addict
if they have used within the last 24 to 48 hrs
what are the long term effects of meth
psychosis, stroke, violence, anxiety, confusion, paranoia, auditory hallucinations, mood disturbances, delusions
what are teh dental effects of meth
rampant caries gingivits/perio xerostomia bruxing TMJ symptoms attrition tooth fractures
What are the reasons for rampant caries
lack of OH
xerostomia
craving for sweets
frequent carb intake (mtn dew is drink of choice)
what can the clinician look for in meth
rapid, unaccountable progression of caries, pattern of decay and skin leisons, avoid vasoconstriciton, caution with nitrous and prescriptions
what are other commonly abused drugs
marijuana, heroin, spice, alcohol, rx drugs
what is osteonecrosis
necrosis of the bone due to an obstruction of the blood supply
why can osteonecrosis of the jaw occur
radiation of head and neck chronic corticosteroids herpes zoster in immunocompromised uncontrolled infections major trauma
what is bisphosphonate associated osteonectrosis associate with
both oral and IV bisphosphonates
what is an oral bisphosphonate
fosamax
who do we see who have IV bisphosphonates
people who have had bone cancer
what are the most common problem causing bisphosphonatess
nitrogen containing
what are bisphosphonates
a class of drug used in tx of bone diseases
what do bisphosphonates effect
bone metabolism
how do bisphosphonates work
once in the blood stream the bind to the bone surface and are ingested by osteoclasts, osteoclastic function is slowed and new bone formation can take place faster than resorbtion
what is the most common disease associated with bisphosphonate use
osteoporosis (decreased bone mineral density)
What is osteoporosis most commonly caused by
low estrogen levels, occurs primarily on menopausal women
what other disease are associated with bisphosphonate use
metastatic bone disease
pagets disease
hypercalcemia
breast and prostate cancer
what is the risk for developing ONJ
it is unknown
there is a minimal chance of developing ONJ in the ______
first 3 years of use
the greather the lenth of time using oral or IV bisphosphonates the greater the risk of
developing ONJ
when does ONJ occur most frequently
after invasive dental procedures such as extractions, perio therapy, removal of exostosis, chronic trauma from poor fitting dentrues
what are symptoms of ONJ
- non healing ext site
- exposed jaw bone
- large areas of radiolucency
- pain in jaw
- mobility of teeth
what are oral nitrogen containing bisphosphonates
fosamax boniva actonel
what are IV nitrogen containing bisphosphonates
reclast, aredia, zometa
what are the implications for dental patients who need agressive perio tx
they may need perio surgery, implants, extractions, aggressive root deb. after physician consult
what are the implications for dental patiens who have conservative tx
they may need restorative tx, perio maint, or recall… not as big of concern
