Mocks Flashcards
1.1 concept and uses of classification systems organisms
Organisms can be classified into groups by the features that they share
1.1 - define species
Species as a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring.
1.1 - describe binomial system
Binomial naming system in which the specific name of an organism is made up of two parts, showing the Genesis (first part) and species (second part)
1.1 classification system
Traditional classification was based on morphology and anatomy
Modern classification is based on evolutionary relationships
Movement MRS GREN
Are required to get around and find nutrients, potential mates etc
Respiration
Required to turn energy stored in chemicals + oxygen into a form of energy we can use
Sensitivity
Required to able to respond to the environment
Growth
Required to increase size or replaced damaged cells (through cell division)
Reproduction
Required to produce offspring
Excretion
Required to get rid of waste products from respiration
Nutrition
Required to absorb the chemicals necessary for life
1.3 the classification system - five kingdoms - living things - plants
Plants:
- multicellular
- eukaryotic cells
- cell wall made of cellulose
- autotrophs
1.3 the classification system - five kingdoms - living things - animals
- Multicellular
- eukaryotic cells
- no cell wall
- heterotrophs
1.3 the classification system - five kingdoms - living things - fungi
- multicellular
- eukaryotic cells
- cell wall made from chitin
- heterotrophs
1.3 the classification system - five kingdoms - living things - bacteria (prokaryotes)
- unicellular
- prokaryotic cells
- cell wall made of chitin
1.3 the classification system - five kingdoms - living things - protoctists
- unicellular
- eukaryotic cells
Heterotrophs or autotrophs
1.3 classifying vertebrates - mammals
Body covering - hairy or furry skin
How it breathes - lungs
Where it lives - mostly on land
How offspring are produced - most young born alive
1.3 classifying vertebrates - Birds
- feathers
- breathes with lungs
- live on land
- lay eggs
1.3 classifying vertebrates - Reptiles
- Tough skin with scales
- breathes with lungs
- mostly live on land
- lay eggs
1.3 classifying vertebrates - Amphibians
- soft and moist skin (no scales)
- breathe through lungs and skin
- live in land and water
- lay eggs (in water)
1.3 classifying vertebrates - Fish
- scales
- breathes through gills
- live and lay eggs in water
Define arthropods
Arthropods belong to the animal kingdom they have joint legs, a segmented body and a hard exoskeleton made of chitin
1.3 - arthropods - insects
- have 3 body sections
- 6 legs
1.3 - arthropods - Arachnids
- 2 body sections
- 8 legs
1.3 - arthropods - Crustaceans
- have two body sections
- at least 10 legs
1.3 - arthropods - Myriapods
- body consists of many segments
- lots of legs
Plant classification - ferns
Ferns - They have proper roots and stems, and leaf-like fronds. The leaves are not covered in a waterproof, waxy cuticle layer and so they dry out easily and are generally found in damp places. They do have a
vascular system. They reproduce using spores.
Plant classification - flowering plants
Flowering plants - They have vascular tissues. They have proper roots and stems and have flowers. Their leaves are large and flat and have a waxy cuticle. They reproduce using seeds found in fruits.
Monocots
- one cotyledon
- veins usually parallel
- Vascular bundles usually complexly arranged
- fibrous root system
- floral parts usually in multiples of three